Inbred maize line PH79A

ABSTRACT

An inbred maize line, designated PH79A, the plants and seeds of inbred maize line PH79A, methods for producing a maize plant produced by crossing the inbred line PH79A with itself or with another maize plant, and hybrid maize seeds and plants produced by crossing the inbred line PH79A with another maize line or plant.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention is in the field of maize breeding, specifically relatingto an inbred maize line designated PH79A.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The goal of plant breeding is to combine in a single variety or hybridvarious desirable traits. For field crops, these traits may includeresistance to diseases and insects, tolerance to heat and drought,reducing the time to crop maturity, greater yield, and better agronomicquality. With mechanical harvesting of many crops, uniformity of plantcharacteristics such as germination and stand establishment, growthrate, maturity, and plant and ear height, is important.

Field crops are bred through techniques that take advantage of theplants method of pollination. A plant is self-pollinated if pollen fromone flower is transferred to the same or another flower of the sameplant. A plant is cross-pollinated if the pollen comes from a flower ona different plant.

Plants that have been self-pollinated and selected for type for manygenerations become homozygous at almost all gene loci and produce auniform population of true breeding progeny. A cross between twodifferent homozygous lines produces a uniform population of hybridplants that may be heterozygous for many gene loci. A cross of twoplants each heterozygous at a number of gene loci will produce apopulation of hybrid plants that differ genetically and will not beuniform.

Maize (Zea mays L.), often referred to as corn in the United States, canbe bred by both self-pollination and cross-pollination techniques. Maizehas separate male and female flowers on the same plant, located on thetassel and the ear, respectively. Natural pollination occurs in maizewhen wind blows pollen from the tassels to the silks that protrude fromthe tops of the ears.

A reliable method of controlling male fertility in plants offers theopportunity for improved plant breeding. This is especially true fordevelopment of maize hybrids, which relies upon some sort of malesterility system. There are several options for controlling malefertility available to breeders, such as: manual or mechanicalemasculation (or detasseling), cytoplasmic male sterility, genetic malesterility, gametocides and the like.

Hybrid maize seed is typically produced by a male sterility systemincorporating manual or mechanical detasseling. Alternate strips of twomaize inbreds are planted in a field, and the pollen-bearing tassels areremoved from one of the inbreds (female). Providing that there issufficient isolation from sources of foreign maize pollen, the ears ofthe detasseled inbred will be fertilized only from the other inbred(male), and the resulting seed is therefore hybrid and will form hybridplants.

The laborious, and occasionally unreliable, detasseling process can beavoided by using cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) inbreds. Plants of a CMSinbred are male sterile as a result of factors resulting from thecytoplasmic, as opposed to the nuclear, genome. Thus, thischaracteristic is inherited exclusively through the female parent inmaize plants, since only the female provides cytoplasm to the fertilizedseed. CMS plants are fertilized with pollen from another inbred that isnot male-sterile. Pollen from the second inbred may or may notcontribute genes that make the hybrid plants male-fertile. Seed fromdetasseled fertile maize and CMS produced seed of the same hybrid can beblended to insure that adequate pollen loads are available forfertilization when the hybrid plants are grown.

There are several methods of conferring genetic male sterilityavailable, such as multiple mutant genes at separate locations withinthe genome that confer male sterility, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos.4,654,465 and 4,727,219 to Brar et al. and chromosomal translocations asdescribed by Patterson in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,861,709 and 3,710,511. Theseand all patents referred to are incorporated by reference. In additionto these methods, Albertsen et al., of Pioneer Hi-Bred, U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 07/848,433, have developed a system of nuclear malesterility which includes: identifying a gene which is critical to malefertility; silencing this native gene which is critical to malefertility; removing the native promoter from the essential malefertility gene and replacing it with an inducible promoter, insertingthis genetically engineered gene back into the plant; and thus creatinga plant that is male sterile because the inducible promoter is not "on"resulting in the male fertility gene not being transcribed. Fertility isrestored by inducing, or turning "on", the promoter, which in turnallows the gene that confers male fertility to be transcribed.

There are many other methods of conferring genetic male sterility in theart, each with its own benefits and drawbacks. These methods use avariety of approaches such as delivering into the plant a gene encodinga cytotoxic substance associated with a male tissue specific promoter oran antisense system in which a gene critical to fertility is identifiedand an antisense to that gene is inserted in the plant (see:Fabinjanski, et al. EPO 89/3010153.8 publication no. 329,308 and PCTapplication PCT/CA90/00037 published as WO 90/08828).

Another system useful in controlling male sterility makes use ofgametocides. Gametocides are not a genetic system, but rather a topicalapplication of chemicals. These chemicals affect cells that are criticalto male fertility. The application of these chemicals affects fertilityin the plants only for the growing season in which the gametocide isapplied (see Carlson, Glenn R., U.S. Pat. No. 4,936,904). Application ofthe gametocide, timing of the application and genotype specificity oftenlimit the usefulness of the approach.

The use of male sterile inbreds is but one factor in the production ofmaize hybrids. The development of maize hybrids requires, in general,the development of homozygous inbred lines, the crossing of these lines,and the evaluation of the crosses. Pedigree breeding and recurrentselection breeding methods are used to develop inbred lines frombreeding populations. Breeding programs combine the genetic backgroundsfrom two or more inbred lines or various other germplasm sources intobreeding pools from which new inbred lines are developed by selfing andselection of desired phenotypes. The new inbreds are crossed with otherinbred lines and the hybrids from these crosses are evaluated todetermine which of those have commercial potential. Plant breeding andhybrid development are expensive and time consuming processes.

Pedigree breeding starts with the crossing of two genotypes, each ofwhich may have one or more desirable characteristics that is lacking inthe other or which complements the other. If the two original parents donot provide all the desired characteristics, other sources can beincluded in the breeding population. In the pedigree method, superiorplants are selfed and selected in successive generations. In thesucceeding generations the heterozygous condition gives way tohomogeneous lines as a result of self-pollination and selection.Typically in the pedigree method of breeding five or more generations ofselfing and selection is practiced: F₁ →F₂ ; F₃ →F₄ ; F₄ →F₅, etc.

Recurrent selection breeding, backcrossing for example, can be used toimprove an inbred line. Backcrossing can be used to transfer a specificdesirable trait from one inbred or source to an inbred that lacks thattrait. This can be accomplished, for example, by first crossing asuperior inbred (recurrent parent) to a donor inbred (non-recurrentparent), that carries the appropriate gene(s) for the trait in question.The progeny of this cross is then mated back to the superior recurrentparent followed by selection in the resultant progeny for the desiredtrait to be transferred from the non-recurrent parent. After five ormore backcross generations with selection for the desired trait, theprogeny will be heterozygous for loci controlling the characteristicbeing transferred, but will be like the superior parent for most oralmost all other genes. The last backcross generation is then selfed togive pure breeding progeny for the gene(s) being transferred.

A single cross maize hybrid results from the cross of two inbred lines,each of which has a genotype that complements the genotype of the other.The hybrid progeny of the first generation is designated F₁. In thedevelopment of commercial hybrids only the F₁ hybrid plants are sought.Preferred F₁ hybrids are more vigorous than their inbred parents. Thishybrid vigor, or heterosis, can be manifested in many polygenic traits,including increased vegetative growth and increased yield.

The development of a maize hybrid involves three steps: (1) theselection of plants from various germplasm pools for initial breedingcrosses; (2) the selfing of the selected plants from the breedingcrosses for several generations to produce a series of inbred lines,which, although different from each other, breed true and are highlyuniform; and (3) crossing the selected inbred lines with differentinbred lines to produce the hybrid progeny (F₁). During the inbreedingprocess in maize, the vigor of the lines decreases. Vigor is restoredwhen two different inbred lines are crossed to produce the hybridprogeny (F₁). An important consequence of the homozygosity andhomogeneity of the inbred lines is that the hybrid between a definedpair of inbreds will always be the same. Once the inbreds that give asuperior hybrid have been identified, the hybrid seed can be reproducedindefinitely as long as the homogeneity of the inbred parents ismaintained.

A single cross hybrid is produced when two inbred lines are crossed toproduce the F₁ progeny. A double cross hybrid is produced from fourinbred lines crossed in pairs (A×B and C×D) and then the two F₁ hybridsare crossed again (A×B)×(C×D). Much of the hybrid vigor exhibited by F₁hybrids is lost in the next generation (F₂). Consequently, seed fromhybrids is not used for planting stock.

Hybrid seed production requires elimination or inactivation of pollenproduced by the female parent. Incomplete removal or inactivation of thepollen provides the potential for self pollination. This inadvertentlyself pollinated seed may be unintentionally harvested and packaged withhybrid seed.

Once the seed is planted, it is possible to identify and select theseself pollinated plants. These self pollinated plants will be geneticallyequivalent to the female inbred line used to produce the hybrid.

Typically these self pollinated plants can be identified and selecteddue to their decreased vigor. Female selfs are identified by their lessvigorous appearance for vegetative and/or reproductive characteristics,including shorter plant height, small ear size, ear and kernel shape,cob color, or other characteristics.

Identification of these self pollinated lines can also be accomplishedthrough molecular marker analyses. See, "The Identification of FemaleSelfs in Hybrid Maize: A Comparison Using Electrophoresis andMorphology", Smith, J. S. C. and Wych, R. D., Seed Science andTechnology 14, pp. 1-8 (1995), the disclosure of which is expresslyincorporated herein by reference. Through these technologies, thehomozygosity of the self pollinated line can be verified by analyzingallelic composition at various loci along the genome. Those methodsallow for rapid identification of the invention disclosed herein. Seealso, "Identification of Atypical Plants in Hybrid Maize Seed byPostcontrol and Electrophoresis" Sarca, V. et al., Probleme de GeneticaTeoritica si Aplicata Vol. 20 (1) p. 29-42.

As is readily apparent to one skilled in the art, the foregoing are onlytwo of the various ways by which the inbred can be obtained by thoselooking to use the germplasm. Other means are available, and the aboveexamples are illustrative only.

Maize is an important and valuable field crop. Thus, a continuing goalof plant breeders is to develop high-yielding maize hybrids that areagronomically sound based on stable inbred lines. The reasons for thisgoal are obvious: to maximize the amount of grain produced with theinputs used and minimize susceptibility of the crop to pests andenvironmental stresses. To accomplish this goal, the maize breeder mustselect and develop superior inbred parental lines for producing hybrids.This requires identification and selection of genetically uniqueindividuals that occur in a segregating population. The segregatingpopulation is the result of a combination of crossover events plus theindependent assortment of specific combinations of alleles at many geneloci that results in specific genotypes. The probability of selectingany one individual with a specific genotype from a breeding cross isinfinitesimal due to the large number of segregating genes and theunlimited recombinations of these genes, some of which may be closelylinked. However, the genetic variation among individual progeny of abreeding cross allows for the identification of rare and valuable newgenotypes. These new genotypes are neither predictable nor incrementalin value, but rather the result of manifested genetic variation combinedwith selection methods, environments and the actions of the breeder.

Thus, even if the entire genotypes of the parents of the breeding crosswere characterized and a desired genotype known, only a few, if any,individuals having the desired genotype may be found in a largesegregating F₂ population. Typically, however, neither the genotypes ofthe breeding cross parents nor the desired genotype to be selected isknown in any detail. In addition, it is not known how the desiredgenotype would react with the environment. This genotype by environmentinteraction is an important, yet unpredictable, factor in plantbreeding. A breeder of ordinary skill in the art cannot predict thegenotype, how that genotype will interact with various climaticconditions or the resulting phenotypes of the developing lines, exceptperhaps in a very broad and general fashion. A breeder of ordinary skillin the art would also be unable to recreate the same line twice from thevery same original parents as the breeder is unable to direct how thegenomes combine or how they will interact with the environmentalconditions. This unpredictability results in the expenditure of largeamounts of research resources in the development of a superior new maizeinbred line.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the invention, there is provided a novel inbred maize line,designated PH79A. This invention thus relates to the seeds of inbredmaize line PH79A, to the plants of inbred maize line PH79A, and tomethods for producing a maize plant produced by crossing the inbred linePH79A with itself or another maize line. This invention further relatesto hybrid maize seeds and plants produced by crossing the inbred linePH79A with another maize line.

DEFINITIONS

In the description and examples that follow, a number of terms are usedherein. In order to provide a clear and consistent understanding of thespecification and claims, including the scope to be given such terms,the following definitions are provided. NOTE: ABS is in absolute termsand %MN is percent of the mean for the experiments in which the inbredor hybrid was grown. These designators will follow the descriptors todenote how the values are to be interpreted. Below are the descriptorsused in the data tables included herein.

ANT ROT=ANTHRACNOSE STALK ROT (Colletotrichum graminicola). A 1 to 9visual rating indicating the resistance to Anthracnose Stalk Rot. Ahigher score indicates a higher resistance.

BAR PLT=BARREN PLANTS. The percent of plants per plot that were notbarren (lack ears).

BRT STK=BRITTLE STALKS. This is a measure of the stalk breakage near thetime of pollination, and is an indication of whether a hybrid or inbredwould snap or break near the time of flowering under severe winds. Dataare presented as percentage of plants that did not snap.

BU ACR=YIELD (BUSHELS/ACRE). Yield of the grain at harvest in bushelsper acre adjusted to 15.5% moisture.

CLD TST=COLD TEST. The percent of plants that germinate under cold testconditions. The cold test is a stress test on seed simulating earlyspring planting conditions. Field soil is spread in a thin layer over awet germination towel and chilled overnight. The next day, seeds areplaced embryo side into the soil. The test is placed in a 10° C. (50°F.) chamber for seven days. After seven days, the test is moved to a 27°C. (80° F.) chamber for a three day growout. Normal seedlings areevaluated on the tenth day of the test.

CLN=CORN LETHAL NECROSIS. Synergistic interaction of maize chloroticmottle virus (MCMV) in combination with either maize dwarf mosaic virus(MDMV-A or MDMV-B) or wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV). A 1 to 9 visualrating indicating the resistance to Corn Lethal Necrosis. A higher scoreindicates a higher resistance.

COM RST=COMMON RUST (Puccinia sorghi). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicatingthe resistance to Common Rust. A higher score indicates a higherresistance.

D/D=DRYDOWN. This represents the relative rate at which a hybrid willreach acceptable harvest moisture compared to other hybrids on a 1-9rating scale. A high score indicates a hybrid that dries relatively fastwhile a low score indicates a hybrid that dries slowly.

DIP ERS=DIPLODIA EAR MOLD SCORES (Diplodia maydis and Diplodiamacrospora). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance toDiplodia Ear Mold. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

DRP EAR=DROPPED EARS. A measure of the number of dropped ears per plotand represents the percentage of plants that did not drop ears prior toharvest.

D/T=DROUGHT TOLERANCE. This represents a 1-9 rating for droughttolerance, and is based on data obtained under stress conditions. A highscore indicates good drought tolerance and a low score indicates poordrought tolerance.

EAR HT=EAR HEIGHT. The ear height is a measure from the ground to thehighest placed developed ear node attachment and is measured in inches.

EAR MLD=General Ear Mold. Visual rating (1-9 score) where a "1" is verysusceptible and a "9" is very resistant. This is based on overall ratingfor ear mold of mature ears without determining the specific moldorganism, and may not be predictive for a specific ear mold.

EAR SZ=EAR SIZE. A 1 to 9 visual rating of ear size. The higher therating the larger the ear size.

ECB 1LF=EUROPEAN CORN BORER FIRST GENERATION LEAF FEEDING (Ostrinianubilalis). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance topreflowering leaf feeding by first generation European Corn Borer. Ahigher score indicates a higher resistance.

ECB 2IT=EUROPEAN CORN BORER SECOND GENERATION INCHES OF TUNNELING(Ostrinia nubilalis). Average inches of tunneling per plant in thestalk.

ECB 2SC=EUROPEAN CORN BORER SECOND GENERATION (Ostrinia nubilalis). A 1to 9 visual rating indicating post flowering degree of stalk breakageand other evidence of feeding by European Corn Borer, Second Generation.A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

ECB DPE=EUROPEAN CORN BORER DROPPED EARS (Ostrinia nubilalis). Droppedears due to European Corn Borer. Percentage of plants that did not dropears under second generation corn borer infestation.

EST CNT=EARLY STAND COUNT. This is a measure of the stand establishmentin the spring and represents the number of plants that emerge on perplot basis for the inbred or hybrid.

EYE SPT=Eye Spot (Kabatiella zeae or Aureobasidium zeae). A 1 to 9visual rating indicating the resistance to Eye Spot. A higher scoreindicates a higher resistance.

FUS ERS=FUSARIUM EAR ROT SCORE (Fusarium moniliforme or Fusariumsubglutinans). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance toFusarium ear rot. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

GDU=Growing Degree Units. Using the Barger Heat Unit Theory, whichassumes that maize growth occurs in the temperature range 50° F.-86° F.and that temperatures outside this range slow down growth; the maximumdaily heat unit accumulation is 36 and the minimum daily heat unitaccumulation is 0. The seasonal accumulation of GDU is a major factor indetermining maturity zones.

GDU SHD=GDU TO SHED. The number of growing degree units (GDUs) or heatunits required for an inbred line or hybrid to have approximately 50percent of the plants shedding pollen and is measured from the time ofplanting. Growing degree units are calculated by the Barger Method,where the heat units for a 24-hour period are:

    GDU=(Max. temp.+Min. temp.)-50/2

The highest maximum temperature used is 86° F. and the lowest minimumtemperature used is 50° F. For each inbred or hybrid it takes a certainnumber of GDUs to reach various stages of plant development.

GDU SLK=GDU TO SILK. The number of growing degree units required for aninbred line or hybrid to have approximately 50 percent of the plantswith silk emergence from time of planting. Growing degree units arecalculated by the Barger Method as given in GDU SHD definition.

GIB ERS=GIBBERELLA EAR ROT (PINK MOLD) (Gibberella zeae). A 1 to 9visual rating indicating the resistance to Gibberella Ear Rot. A higherscore indicates a higher resistance.

GLF SPT=Gray Leaf Spot (Cercospora zeae-maydis). A 1 to 9 visual ratingindicating the resistance to Gray Leaf Spot. A higher score indicates ahigher resistance.

GOS WLT=Goss' Wilt (Corynebacterium nebraskense). A 1 to 9 visual ratingindicating the resistance to Goss' Wilt. A higher score indicates ahigher resistance.

GRN APP=GRAIN APPEARANCE. This is a 1 to 9 rating for the generalappearance of the shelled grain as it is harvested based on such factorsas the color of harvested grain, any mold on the grain, and any crackedgrain. High scores indicate good grain quality.

H/POP=YIELD AT HIGH DENSITY. Yield ability at relatively high plantdensities on 1-9 relative rating system with a higher number indicatingthe hybrid responds well to high plant densities for yield relative toother hybrids. A 1, 5, and 9 would represent very poor, average, andvery good yield response, respectively, to increased plant density.

HC BLT=HELMINTHOSPORIUM CARBONUM LEAF BLIGHT (Helminthosporiumcarbonum). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance toHelminthosporium infection. A higher score indicates a higherresistance.

HD SMT=HEAD SMUT (Sphacelotheca reiliana). This score indicates thepercentage of plants not infected.

INC D/A=GROSS INCOME (DOLLARS PER ACRE). Relative income per acreassuming drying costs of two cents per point above 15.5 percent harvestmoisture and current market price per bushel.

INCOME/ACRE. Income advantage of hybrid to be patented over other hybridon per acre basis.

INC ADV=GROSS INCOME ADVANTAGE. GROSS INCOME advantage of variety #1over variety #2.

KSZ DCD=KERNEL SIZE DISCARD. The percent of discard seed; calculated asthe sum of discarded Up kernels and extra large kernels.

L/POP=YIELD AT LOW DENSITY. Yield ability at relatively low plantdensities on a 1-9 relative system with a higher number indicating thehybrid responds well to low plant densities for yield relative to otherhybrids. A 1, 5, and 9 would represent very poor, average, and very goodyield response, respectively, to low plant density.

MDM CPX=MAIZE DWARF MOSAIC COMPLEX (MDMV=Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus andMCDV=Maize Chlorotic Dwarf Virus). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating theresistance to Maize Dwarf Mosaic Complex. A higher score indicates ahigher resistance.

MST=HARVEST MOISTURE. The moisture is the actual percentage moisture ofthe grain at harvest.

MST ADV=MOISTURE ADVANTAGE. The moisture advantage of variety #1 overvariety #2 as calculated by: MOISTURE of variety #2-MOISTURE of variety#1=MOISTURE ADVANTAGE of variety #1.

NLF BLT=Northern Leaf Blight (Helminthosporium turcicum or Exserohilumturcicum). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to NorthernLeaf Blight. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

PLT HT=PLANT HEIGHT. This is a measure of the height of the plant fromthe ground to the tip of the tassel in inches.

POL SC=POLLEN SCORE. A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the amount ofpollen shed. The higher the score the more pollen shed.

POL WT=POLLEN WEIGHT. This is calculated by dry weight of tasselscollected as shedding commences minus dry weight from similar tasselsharvested after shedding is complete.

It should be understood that the inbred can, through routinemanipulation of cytoplasmic or other factors, be produced in amale-sterile form. Such embodiments are also contemplated within thescope of the present claims.

POP K/A=PLANT POPULATIONS. Measured as 1000 s per acre.

POP ADV=PLANT POPULATION ADVANTAGE. The plant population advantage ofvariety #1 over variety #2 as calculated by PLANT POPULATION of variety#2-PLANT POPULATION of variety #1=PLANT POPULATION ADVANTAGE of variety#1.

PRM=PREDICTED RELATIVE MATURITY. This trait, predicted relativematurity, is based on the harvest moisture of the grain. The relativematurity rating is based on a known set of checks and utilizes standardlinear regression analyses and is also referred to as the ComparativeRelative Maturity Rating System that is similar to the MinnesotaRelative Maturity Rating System.

PRM SHD=A relative measure of the growing degree units (GDU) required toreach 50% pollen shed. Relative values are predicted values from thelinear regression of observed GDU's on relative maturity of commercialchecks.

RT LDG=ROOT LODGING. Root lodging is the percentage of plants that donot root lodge; plants that lean from the vertical axis at anapproximately 30° angle or greater would be counted as root lodged.

RTL ADV=ROOT LODGING ADVANTAGE. The root lodging advantage of variety #1over variety #2.

SCT GRN=SCATTER GRAIN. A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the amount ofscatter grain (lack of pollination or kernel abortion) on the ear. Thehigher the score the less scatter grain.

SDG VGR=SEEDLING VIGOR. This is the visual rating (1 to 9) of the amountof vegetative growth after emergence at the seedling stage(approximately five leaves). A higher score indicates better vigor.

SEL IND=SELECTION INDEX. The selection index gives a single measure ofthe hybrid's worth based on information for up to five traits. A maizebreeder may utilize his or her own set of traits for the selectionindex. One of the traits that is almost always included is yield. Theselection index data presented in the tables represent the mean valueaveraged across testing stations.

SLF BLT=SOUTHERN LEAF BLIGHT (Helminthosporium maydis or Bipolarismaydis). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to SouthernLeaf Blight. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

SOU RST=SOUTHERN RUST (Puccinia polysora). A 1 to 9 visual ratingindicating the resistance to Southern Rust. A higher score indicates ahigher resistance.

STA GRN=STAY GREEN. Stay green is the measure of plant health near thetime of black layer formation (physiological maturity). A high scoreindicates better late-season plant health.

STD ADV=STALK STANDING ADVANTAGE. The advantage of variety #1 overvariety #2 for the trait STK CNT.

STK CNT=NUMBER OF PLANTS. This is the final stand or number of plantsper plot.

STK LDG=STALK LODGING. This is the percentage of plants that did notstalk lodge (stalk breakage) as measured by either natural lodging orpushing the stalks and determining the percentage of plants that breakbelow the ear.

STW WLT=Stewart's Wilt (Erwinia stewartii). A 1 to 9 visual ratingindicating the resistance to Stewart's Wilt. A higher score indicates ahigher resistance.

TAS BLS=TASSEL BLAST. A 1 to 9 visual rating was used to measure thedegree of blasting (necrosis due to heat stress) of the tassel at thetime of flowering. A 1 would indicate a very high level of blasting attime of flowering, while a 9 would have no tassel blasting.

TAS SZ=TASSEL SIZE. A 1 to 9 visual rating was used to indicate therelative size of the tassel. The higher the rating the larger thetassel.

TAS WT=TASSEL WEIGHT. This is the average weight of a tassel (grams)just prior to pollen shed.

TEX EAR=EAR TEXTURE. A 1 to 9 visual rating was used to indicate therelative hardness (smoothness of crown) of mature grain. A 1 would bevery soft (extreme dent) while a 9 would be very hard (flinty or verysmooth crown).

TILLER=TILLERS. A count of the number of tillers per plot that couldpossibly shed pollen was taken. Data are given as a percentage oftillers: number of tillers per plot divided by number of plants perplot.

TST WT=TEST WEIGHT (UNADJUSTED). The measure of the weight of the grainin pounds for a given volume (bushel).

TST WTA=TEST WEIGHT ADJUSTED. The measure of the weight of the grain inpounds for a given volume (bushel) adjusted for 15.5 percent moisture.

TSW ADV=TEST WEIGHT ADVANTAGE. The test weight advantage of variety #1over variety #2.

WIN M%=PERCENT MOISTURE WINS.

WIN Y%=PERCENT YIELD WINS.

YLD=YIELD. It is the same as BU ACR ABS.

YLD ADV=YIELD ADVANTAGE. The yield advantage of variety #1 over variety#2 as calculated by: YIELD of variety #1-YIELD variety #2=yieldadvantage of variety #1.

YLD SC=YIELD SCORE. A 1 to 9 visual rating was used to give a relativerating for yield based on plot ear piles. The higher the rating thegreater visual yield appearance.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Inbred maize lines are typically developed for use in the production ofhybrid maize lines. Inbred maize lines need to be highly homogeneous,homozygous and reproducible to be useful as parents of commercialhybrids.There are many analytical methods available to determine thehomozygotic and phenotypic stability of these inbred lines.

The oldest and most traditional method of analysis is the observation ofphenotypic traits. The data is usually collected in field experimentsoverthe life of the maize plants to be examined. Phenotypiccharacteristics most often observed are for traits associated with plantmorphology, ear and kernel morphology, insect and disease resistance,maturity, and yield.

In addition to phenotypic observations, the genotype of a plant can alsobeexamined. There are many laboratory-based techniques available for theanalysis, comparison and characterization of plant genotype; among theseare Isozyme Electrophoresis, Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms(RFLPs), Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), Arbitrarily PrimedPolymerase Chain Reaction (AP-PCR), DNA Amplification Fingerprinting(DAF), Sequence Characterized Amplified Regions (SCARs), AmplifiedFragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs), and Simple Sequence Repeats(SSRs) which are also referred to as Microsatellites.

The most widely used of these laboratory techniques are IsozymeElectrophoresis and RFLPs as discussed in Lee, M., "Inbred Lines ofMaize and Their Molecular Markers," The Maize Handbook,(Springer-Verlag, New York, Inc. 1994, at 423-432) incorporated hereinby reference. Isozyme Electrophoresis is a useful tool in determininggenetic composition, although it has relatively low number of availablemarkers and the low number of allelic variants among maize inbreds.RFLPs have the advantage of revealing an exceptionally high degree ofallelic variation in maize and the number of available markers is almostlimitless.

Maize RFLP linkage maps have been rapidly constructed and widelyimplemented in genetic studies. One such study is described inBoppenmaier, et al., "Comparisons among strains of inbreds for RFLPs",Maize Genetics Cooperative Newsletter, 65:1991, pg. 90, is incorporatedherein by reference. This study used 101 RFLP markers to analyze thepatterns of 2 to 3 different deposits each of five different inbredlines.The inbred lines had been selfed from 9 to 12 times before beingadopted into 2 to 3 different breeding programs. It was results fromthese 2 to 3 different breeding programs that supplied the differentdeposits for analysis. These five lines were maintained in the separatebreeding programs by selfing or sibbing and rogueing off-type plants foran additional one to eight generations. After the RFLP analysis wascompleted, it was determined the five lines showed 0-2% residualheterozygosity. Although this was a relatively small study, it can beseenusing RFLPs that the lines had been highly homozygous prior to theseparatestrain maintenance.

Inbred maize line PH79A is a yellow, dent maize inbred that is bestsuited as a female in crosses for producing first generation F1 maizehybrids. Inbred maize line PH79A is best adapted to the Northcentral,Northeast andCentral Corn Belt as well as to the Drylands and Westernregions of the United States and can be used to produce hybrids fromapproximately 108-111 relative maturity based on the ComparativeRelative Maturity Rating System for harvest moisture of grain. Inbredmaize line PH79A demonstrates exceptional stalk strength, and aboveaverage cold test as aninbred per se. It also has excellent yield as afemale and good grain quality. As an inbred per se PH79A exhibitsexcellent stay green in the absence of Northern Leaf Blight. In hybridcombination, PH79A confers highgrain yield. PH79A hybrids demonstrateexcellent brittle snap resistance, late season stalk strength and staygreen. The characteristic of early flowering allows the resulting hybridto be adaptable to regions in the Northern United States regions. PH79Aas a hybrid parent also confers highgrain quality and yield especiallyin the 100-180 bushel yield environments.

The inbred has shown uniformity and stability within the limits ofenvironmental influence for all the traits as described in the VarietyDescription Information (Table 1) that follows. The inbred has beenself-pollinated and ear-rowed a sufficient number of generations withcareful attention paid to uniformity of plant type to ensure thehomozygosity and phenotypic stability necessary to use in commercialproduction. The line has been increased both by hand and in isolatedfields with continued observation for uniformity. No variant traits havebeen observed or are expected in PH79A.

Inbred maize line PH79A, being substantially homozygous, can bereproduced by planting seeds of the line, growing the resulting maizeplants under self-pollinating or sib-pollinating conditions withadequate isolation, and harvesting the resulting seed, using techniquesfamiliar to the agricultural arts.

                                      TABLE 1    __________________________________________________________________________    VARIETY DESCRIPTION INFORMATION    VARIETY = PH79A    __________________________________________________________________________      TYPE: (describe intermediate types in Comments section):    2     1 = Sweet 2 = Dent 3 = Flint 4 = Flour 5 = Pop 6 = Ornamental      MATURITY:    DAYS  HEAT UNITS    071   1,391.0                 From emergence to 50% of plants in silk    071   1,408.8                 From emergence to 50% of plants in pollen    005   0,111.8                 From 10% to 90% pollen shed    070   1,283.3                 From 50% silk to harvest at 25% moisture      PLANT:                                       Standard                                            Sample                                       Deviation                                            Size    0,217.8          cm     Plant Height (to tassel tip)                                       20.50                                            4    0,087.0          cm     Ear Height (to base of top ear node)                                       10.52                                            4    0,015.7          cm     Length of Top Ear Internode                                       0.58 20    1            Average Number of Tillers                                       0.50 4    1.0          Average Number of Ears per Stalk                                       0.00 4    3.0          Anthocyanin of Brace Roots: 1 = Absent 2 = Faint 3 =                 Moderate 4 = Dark      LEAF:                                       Standard                                            Sample                                       Deviation                                            Size    008.5 cm     Width of Ear Node Leaf                                       0.42 20    074.1 cm     Length of Ear Node Leaf                                       5.01 20    05.3         Number of leaves above top ear                                       0.38 20    030.5        Degrees Leaf Angle (measure from 2nd leaf above                                       13.53                                            4                 ear at anthesis to stalk above leaf)    03           Leaf Color                       Dark Green                             (Munsell code) 5GY36    1.0          Leaf Sheath Pubescence (Rate on scale from 1 = none to 9 =                 like peach fuzz)    5.3          Marginal Waves (Rate on scale from 1 = none to 9 = many)    5.5          Longitudinal Creases (Rate on scale from 1 = none to 9 =                 many)      TASSEL:                                       Standard                                            Sample                                       Deviation                                            Size    03.8         Number of Primary Lateral Branches                                       1.34 20    013.8        Branch Angle from Central Spike                                       11.50                                            4    60.0  cm     Tassel Length (from top leaf collar to tassel                                       3.00 4    5.8          Pollen Shed (rate on scale from 0 = male sterile to 9 =                 heavy shed)    11           Anther Color                       Pink  (Munsell code) 2.5YR56    01           Glume Color                       Light Green                             (Munsell code) 7.5GY58    1.0          Bar Glumes (Glume Bands): 1 = Absent 2 = Present    20           Peduncle Length (cm. from top leaf to basal branches)    6a.      EAR (Unhusked Data):    1     Silk Color (3 days after emergence)                              Light Green                                     (Munsell code)                                                 10Y86    2     Fresh Husk Color (25 days after 50% silking)                              Medium Green                                     (Munsell code)                                                 5GY56    21    Dry Husk Color (65 days after 50% silking)                              Buff   (Munsell code)                                                 2.5Y8.54          Position of Ear at Dry Husk Stage: 1 = Upright 2 = Horizontal 3 =          Pendant    5     Husk Tightness (Rate of Scale from 1 = very loose to 9 = very          tight)    2     Husk Extension (at harvest): 1 = Short (ears exposed) 2 = Medium          (<8 cm)          3 = Long (8-10 cm beyond ear tip) 4 = Very Long (<10                                                 Medium    6b.      EAR (Husked Ear Data):                                       Standard                                            Sample                                       Deviation                                            Size    17    cm     Ear Length            1.34 20    40    mm     Ear Diameter at mid-point                                       3.31 20    126   gm     Ear Weight            31.19                                            20    13           Number of Kernel Rows 0.44 20    2            Kernel Rows: 1 = Indistinct 2 = Distinct                                                 Distinct    1            Row Alignment: 1 = Straight 2 = Slightly Curved 3                                                 Straight    11    cm     Shank Length          2.43 20    2            Ear Taper: 1 = Slight 2 = Average 3 = Extreme                                                 Average      KERNEL (Dried):                                       Standard                                            Sample                                       Deviation                                            Size    11    mm     Kernel Length         1.09 20    8     mm     Kernel Width          0.66 20    4     mm     Kernel Thickness      0.48 20    22           % Round Kernels (Shape Grade)                                       8.12 4    1            Aleurone Color Pattern: 1 = Homozygous 2 = Segregating                                                 Homozygous    7            Aluerone Color                           Yellow      (Munsell code)                                                 2.5Y812    7            Hard Endosperm Color                           Yellow      (Munsell code)                                                 10YR710    3            Endosperm Type:                           Normal Starch                 1 = Sweet (Su1) 2 = Extra Sweet (sh2) 3 = Normal Starch                 4 = High Amylose Starch 5 = Waxy Starch 6 = High Protein                 7 = High Lysine 8 = Super Sweet (se) 9 = High Oil                 10 = Other    28    gm     Weight per 100 Kernels (unsized sample)                                       5.69 4      COB:                                       Standard                                            Sample                                       Deviation                                            Size    21    mm     Cob Diameter at mid-point                                       0.75 20    14           Cob Color Red         (Munsell code)                                                 10R46    2            Cob Strength 1 = Weak 2 = Strong      DISEASE RESISTANCE (Rate from 1 (most susceptible) to 9 (most      resistant); leave blank      if not tested; leave Race or Strain Options blank if polygenic):    A.    Leaf Blights, Wilts, and Local Infection Diseases                 Anthracnose Leaf Blight (Colletotrichum graminicola)    4            Common Rust (Puccinia sorghi)                 Common Smut (Ustilago maydis)                 Eyespot (Kabatiella zeae)    8            Goss's Wilt (Clavibacter michiganense spp. nebraskense)    3            Gray Leaf Spot (Cercospora zeae-maydis)                 Helminthosporium Leaf Spot (Bipolaris zeicola) Race    3            Northern Leaf Blight (Exserohilum turcicum) Race    5            Southern Leaf Blight (Bipolaris maydis) Race                 Southern Rust (Puccinia polysora)    6            Stewart's Wilt (Erwinia stewartii)                 Other (Specify)    B.    Systemic Diseases    2            Corn Lethal Necrosis (MCMV and MDMV)                 Head Smut (Sphacelotheca reiliana)                 Maize Chlorotic Dwarf Virus (MDV)                 Maize Chlorotic Mottle Virus (MCMV)    2            Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus (MDMV)                 Sorghum Downy Mildew of Corn (Peronosclerospora sorghi)                 Other (Specify)    C.    Stalk Rots    3            Anthracnose Stalk Rot (Colletotrichum graminicola)                 Diplodia Stalk Rot (Stenocarpella maydis)                 Fusarium Stalk Rot (Fusarium moniliforme)                 Gibberella Stalk Rot (Gibberella zeae)                 Other (Specify)    D.    Ear and Kernel Rots                 Aspergillus Ear and Kernel Rot (Aspergillus flavus)    4            Diplodia Ear Rot (Stenocarpella maydis)    5            Fusarium Ear and Kernel Rot (Fusarium moniliforme)                 Gibberella Ear Rot (Gibberella zeae)                 Other (Specify)                 Banks grass Mite (Oligonychus pratensis)                 Corn Worm (Helicoverpa zea)                 Leaf Feeding                 Silk Feeding                 mg larval wt.                 Ear Damage                 Corn Leaf Aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis)                 Corn Sap Beetle (Carpophilus dimidiatus                 European Corn Borer (Ostrinia nubilalis)    4            1st Generation (Typically Whorf Leaf Feeding)    4            2nd Generation (Typically Leaf Sheath-Collar Feeding)                 Stalk Tunneling                 cm tunneled/plant                 Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera fruqiperda)                 Leaf Feeding                 Silk Feeding                 mg larval wt.                 Maize Weevil (Sitophilus zeamaize                 Northern Rootworm (Diabrotica barberi)                 Southern Rootworm (Diabrotica undecimpunctata)                 Southwestern Corn Borer (Diatreaea grandiosella)                 Leaf Feeding                 Stalk Tunneling                 cm tunneled/plant                 Two-spotted Spider Mite (Tetranychus urticae)                 Western Rootworm (Diabrotica virgifrea virgifera)                 Other (Specify)    11.   AGRONOMIC TRAITS:    5            Staygreen (at 65 days after anthesis) (Rate on a scale from                 1 = worst to                 excellent)    0.0          % Dropped Ears (at 65 days after anthesis)                 % Pre-anthesis Brittle Snapping                 % Pre-anthesis Root Lodging    19.4         Post-anthesis Root Lodging (at 65 days after anthesis)    4,770        Kg/ha Yield (at 12-13% grain moisture)    __________________________________________________________________________    *In interpreting the foregoing color designations, reference may be had to     the Munsell Glossy Book of Color, a standard color reference.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

This invention also is directed to methods for producing a maize plantby crossing a first parent maize plant with a second parent maize plantwherein either the first or second parent maize plant is an inbred maizeplant of the line PH79A. Further, both first and second parent maizeplants can come from the inbred maize line PH79A. Thus, any such methodsusing the inbred maize line PH79A are part of this invention: selfing,backcrosses, hybrid production, crosses to populations, and the like.All plants produced using inbred maize line PH79A as a parent are withinthe scope of this invention. Advantageously, the inbred maize line isused in crosses with other, different, maize inbreds to produce firstgeneration (F₁) maize hybrid seeds and plants with superiorcharacteristics.

As used herein, the term plant includes plant cells, plant protoplasts,plant cell tissue cultures from which maize plants can be regenerated,plant calli, plant clumps, and plant cells that are intact in plants orparts of plants, such as embryos, pollen, ovules, flowers, kernels,ears, cobs, leaves, husks, stalks, roots, root tips, anthers, silk andthe like.

Duncan, Williams, Zehr, and Widholm, Planta (1985) 165:322-332 reflectsthat 97% of the plants cultured that produced callus were capable ofplantregeneration. Subsequent experiments with both inbreds and hybridsproduced91% regenerable callus that produced plants. In a further studyin 1988, Songstad, Duncan & Widholm in Plant Cell Reports (1988),7:262-265 reportsseveral media additions that enhance regenerability ofcallus of two inbredlines. Other published reports also indicated that"nontraditional" tissuesare capable of producing somatic embryogenesisand plant regeneration. K. P. Rao, et al., Maize Genetics CooperationNewsletter, 60:64-65 (1986), refers to somatic embryogenesis from glumecallus cultures and B. V. Conger, et al., Plant Cell Reports, 6:345-347(1987) indicates somatic embryogenesis from the tissue cultures of maizeleaf segments. Thus, it isclear from the literature that the state ofthe art is such that these methods of obtaining plants are, and were,"conventional" in the sense that they are routinely used and have a veryhigh rate of success.

Tissue culture of maize is described in European Patent Application,publication 160,390, incorporated herein by reference. Maize tissueculture procedures are also described in Green and Rhodes, "PlantRegeneration in Tissue Culture of Maize," Maize for Biological Research(Plant Molecular Biology Association, Charlottesville, Va. 1982, at367-372) and in Duncan, et al., "The Production of Callus Capable ofPlantRegeneration from Immature Embryos of Numerous Zea Mays Genotypes,"165 Planta 322-332 (1985). Thus, another aspect of this invention is toprovide cells which upon growth and differentiation produce maize plantshaving the physiological and morphological characteristics of inbredline PH79A.

Maize is used as human food, livestock feed, and as raw material inindustry. The food uses of maize, in addition to human consumption ofmaize kernels, include both products of dry- and wet-milling industries.The principal products of maize dry milling are grits, meal and flour.Themaize wet-milling industry can provide maize starch, maize syrups,and dextrose for food use. Maize oil is recovered from maize germ, whichis a by-product of both dry- and wet-milling industries.

Maize, including both grain and non-grain portions of the plant, is alsoused extensively as livestock feed, primarily for beef cattle, dairycattle, hogs, and poultry.

Industrial uses of maize include production of ethanol, maize starch inthewet-milling industry and maize flour in the dry-milling industry. Theindustrial applications of maize starch and flour are based onfunctional properties, such as viscosity, film formation, adhesiveproperties, and ability to suspend particles. The maize starch and flourhave application in the paper and textile industries. Other industrialuses include applications in adhesives, building materials, foundrybinders, laundry starches, explosives, oil-well muds, and other miningapplications.

Plant parts other than the grain of maize are also used in industry: forexample, stalks and husks are made into paper and wallboard and cobs areused for fuel and to make charcoal.

The seed of inbred maize line PH79A, the plant produced from the inbredseed, the hybrid maize plant produced from the crossing of the inbred,hybrid seed, and various parts of the hybrid maize plant can be utilizedfor human food, livestock feed, and as a raw material in industry.

Performance Examples of PH79A

In the examples that follow, the traits and characteristics of inbredmaizeline PH79A are presented as an inbred per se and in hybridcombination. Thedata collected on inbred maize line PH79A is presentedfor key characteristics and traits.

Inbred Comparisons

The results in Table 2A compare PH79A to its female parent, PHBW8. Theresults show that PH79A exhibits excellent yield and good test weight.PH79A also demonstrates excellent resistance to stalk lodging andexcellent resistance to brittle snap (BRT STK). Inbred PH79A exhibitssignificantly better grain appearance than inbred PHBW8.

The results in Table 2B compare inbred PH79A with a similar inbred linePHHB4. The inbred per se results show inbred PH79A has significantlygreater yield and higher test weight than inbred PHHB4. In addition,inbred PH79A has significantly fewer barren plants and significantlybetter scatter grain than inbred PHHB4. Inbreds PH79A and PHHB4 haveacceptable stay green, excellent resistance to both stalk lodging and tobrittle snap (BRT STK). Also, inbred PH79A exhibits significantly betterseedling vigor and early stand count than inbred PHHB4.

The Table 2C results compare inbred PH79A with inbred PHR61. InbredPH79A is significantly higher yielding than inbred PHR61. Inbred PH79Ademonstrates very good grain appearance and significantly better earsize than inbred PHR61. Inbreds PH79A and PHR61 both show good brittlesnap resistance (BRT STK).

The results in Table 2D compare inbred PH79A with inbred line PHP38.InbredPH79A is significantly higher yielding than inbred PHP38. InbredPH79A demonstrates above average grain appearance. Also, inbred PH79Aexhibits better scatter grain and larger ear size than PHP38. InbredsPH79A and PHP38 both exhibit excellent resistance to both stalk lodgingand to brittle snap (BRT STK).

Table 2E results compare inbred PH79A to its male parent inbred PHK35.The inbred per se results show that both inbreds have superior grainappearance and both demonstrate excellent resistance to stalk lodging.Inbred PH79A has significantly higher early stand count and betterseedling vigor when compared to PHK35.

Inbred By Tester Comparisons

The results in Table 3A compare PH79A and PHTP9 when crossed to the sameinbred testers. The results show that PH79A and PHTP9 hybrids are higheryielding than average and that the PH79A hybrids are significantlyhigher yielding than the PHPT9 hybrids. The PH79A hybrids demonstratebetter grain appearance than average and also better than hybrid PHTP9.Also PH79A hybrids exhibit significantly better stay green and betterresistance to brittle snap (BRT STK) than PHTP9 hybrids. Both PH79A andPHTP9 hybrids require fewer than average growing degree units to silkemergence and pollen shed.

Table 3B results compare PH79A and PHP38 hybrids when crossed to thesame inbred testers. PHP38 and PH79A hybrids demonstrate above averageyield and above average stay green. Both PH79A and PHP38 hybrids exhibitabove average resistance to stalk lodging and good resistance to brittlesnap (BRT STK).

The inbred by tester performance results of PH79A and PHHB4 hybrids arecompared in Table 3C. Both PH79A and PHHB4 hybrids demonstrate aboveaverage yield. PH79A hybrids exhibit above average resistance to stalklodging and to brittle snap (BRT STK).

The results in Table 3D compare PH79A and PH38D performance when crossedtothe same inbred testers. The PH79A hybrids demonstrate yields, notonly above average, but also significantly greater than the PH38Dhybrids. Also, the PH79A hybrids have significantly better stay greenthan the PH38D hybrids. The results show that PH79A hybrids have aboveaverage resistance to stalk lodging and to brittle snap (BRT STK). PH79Aand PH38Dhybrids are also require below average number of growing degreeunits to silk emergence and pollen shed.

Table 3E results compare PH79A and PH42B when crossed to the sametesters. Both PH79A and PH42B hybrids are above average in yield, andPH79A is higher yielding than PH42B. Both PH79A and PH42B hybrids showexcellent stay green and excellent resistance to both stalk lodging andto brittle snap (BRT STK). The PH79A hybrid required fewer number ofdegree units than average to pollen shed and silk emergence.

Hybrid Comparisons

The results in Table 4A compare the PH79A by PH24E hybrid to a hybridfrom a PHP38 by PHPP8 cross. The specific combining ability results showthat the PH79A hybrid is higher yielding than the PHP38 hybrid and thatboth hybrids are above average in yield. The PH79A hybrid exhibits asignificantly lower harvest moisture and a higher test weight than thePHP38 hybrid. The PH79A hybrid demonstrates significantly better staygreen, and significantly better resistance to stalk lodging than doesthe PHP38 hybrid. The PH79A hybrid is also above average in resistanceto brittle snap (BRT STK). The PH79A hybrid also requires fewer numberof growing degree units to silk emergence and pollen shed. Both hybridshave above average grain appearance. The PH79A hybrid demonstratesbetter resistance to Northern Leaf Blight than does the PHP38 hybrid.

Table 4B compares the PH79A by PH24E hybrid to a hybrid from a PHP38 byPHN46 cross. The PH79A hybrid is higher yielding than the PHP38 hybrid.The PH79A hybrid is above average in resistance to stalk lodging andbrittle snap (BRT STK). Also, the PH79A hybrid requires significantlyfewer number of growing degree units to silk emergence and pollen shed.The PH79A hybrid is above average in stay green and demonstratessignificantly better stay green than the PHP38 hybrid.

Table 4C results compare the inbred in hybrid combinations: PH79Acrossed to PH24E and PHHB4 crossed to PHK56. The specific combiningability results show the PH79A hybrid is significantly higher yieldingthan the PHHB4 hybrid and that both hybrids are higher yielding thanaverage. The PH79A hybrid demonstrates significantly better stay greenability, and significantly better resistance to both stalk lodging andbrittle snap (BRT STK) than the PHHB4 hybrid. The PH79A hybrid alsorequires significantly fewer growing degree units to pollen shed andsilk emergencethan does the PHHB4 hybrid.

The results in Table 4D compare the PH79A by PH24E hybrid with the PHTP9byPH24E hybrid. The PH79A hybrid is significantly higher yielding thanthe PHTP9 hybrid. The PH79A hybrid also demonstrates significantlybetter staygreen and above average resistance to stalk lodging andbrittle snap (BRT STK). Both the PH79A and PHTP9 hybrids require fewernumber of degree units to silk emergence and pollen shed.

Table 4E compares the PH79A by PH24E hybrid to the PH38D by PH24Ehybrid. Both the PH79A and PH24E hybrids are above average in yield,however, the PH79A hybrid is significantly higher yielding than thePH38D hybrid. Also the PH79A hybrid demonstrates above average andsignificantly better stay green than the PH38D hybrid. Both PH79A andPH38D hybrids both demonstrateabove average resistance to stalk lodgingand to brittle snap (BRT STK) andboth also require fewer than averagegrowing degree units for pollen shed and silk emergence.

The results in Table 4F compare the PH79A by PH24E hybrid with the PH44AbyPH24E hybrid. The PH79A hybrid is higher yielding than the PH44Ahybrid andboth hybrids yield above average. These two hybrids, PH79A andPH44A, are above average in resistance to stalk lodging and Hybrid PH79Ais significantly more resistant than Hybrid PH44A. Both Hybrids PH79Aand PH44A are more resistant than average to brittle snap (BRT STK).Hybrids PH79A and PH44A are also above average in stay green. HybridPH79A requires significantly fewer than average growing degree units forsilk emergence. Both PH79A and PH44A hybrids require fewer than averagegrowingdegree units for pollen shed and Hybrid PH79A requiressignificantly fewer growing degree units for pollen shed than doesHybrid PH44A.

Table 5 shows the result of a paired inbred comparison of PH79A andPHP38. PH79A is above average and significantly better than PHP38 incold test results. PH79A is significantly higher yielding than PHP38 andrequires significantly fewer growing degree units to silk emergence.

                                      TABLE 2A    __________________________________________________________________________    PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON REPORT    VARIETY #1 = PH79A    VARIETY #2 = PHBW8    __________________________________________________________________________               BU BU     TST                            SDG                               EST                                  TIL                                     GDU                                        GDU                                           POL                                              TAS                                                 PLT                                                    EAR                                                       RT STA                                                             STK                                                                BRT               ACR                  ACR MST                         WT VGR                               CNT                                  LER                                     SHD                                        SLK                                           SC SZ HT HT LDG                                                          GRN                                                             LDG                                                                STK               ABS                  % MN                      ABS                         ABS                            ABS                               ABS                                  ABS                                     ABS                                        ABS                                           ABS                                              ABS                                                 ABS                                                    ABS                                                       ABS                                                          ABS                                                             ABS                                                                ABS    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM           1   78.6                  123 16.8                         57.8                            5.1                               37.8                                  3.0                                     143.5                                        145.5                                           4.3                                              4.7                                                 83.3                                                    34.3                                                       80.3                                                          4.9                                                             95.4                                                                90.9           2   77.4                  119 17.3                         57.2                            5.2                               34.7                                  1.2                                     135.8                                        137.1                                           4.4                                              4.3                                                 74.9                                                    29.9                                                       73.4                                                          4.7                                                             96.7                                                                85.5           LOCS               13 13  18 13 40 58 41 53 52 9  20 26 22 6  17 11 5           REPS               21 21  26 21 50 71 49 55 54 9  20 29 26 8  19 17 6           DIFF               1.2                  4   0.5                         0.6                            0.1                               3.1                                  1.7                                     7.7                                        8.4                                           0.1                                              0.3                                                 8.5                                                    4.4                                                       6.9                                                          0.2                                                             1.3                                                                5.4           PR > T               .813                  .712                      .208                         .077*                            .711                               .001#                                  .042+                                     .000#                                        .000#                                           .842                                              .130                                                 .000#                                                    .002#                                                       .719                                                          .571                                                             .370                                                                .390    __________________________________________________________________________                            GRN                               SCT                                  EAR                                     TEX                                        EAR                                           BAR                                              DRP                                                 GLF                                                    STW                                                       FUS                                                          COM                                                             ECB                                                                ECB                            APP                               GRN                                  SZ EAR                                        MLD                                           PLT                                              EAR                                                 SPT                                                    WLT                                                       ERS                                                          RST                                                             1LF                                                                2SC                            ABS                               ABS                                  ABS                                     ABS                                        ABS                                           ABS                                              ABS                                                 ABS                                                    ABS                                                       ABS                                                          ABS                                                             ABS                                                                ABS    __________________________________________________________________________                 TOTAL SUM                        1   7.2                               7.3                                  6.4                                     7.2                                        7.2                                           96.7                                              99.8                                                 2.3                                                    5.0                                                       6.7                                                          3.3                                                             4.2                                                                4.6                        2   5.7                               6.9                                  6.0                                     6.0                                        7.4                                           94.5                                              99.9                                                 3.0                                                    6.0                                                       4.0                                                          3.3                                                             4.0                                                                4.3                        LOCS                            3  11 8  6  9  27 7  4  2  3  3  6  4                        REPS                            6  11 8  6  9  28 13 4  2  3  3  6  6                        DIFF                            1.5                               0.4                                  0.4                                     1.2                                        0.2                                           2.2                                              0.0                                                 0.8                                                    1.0                                                       2.7                                                          0.0                                                             0.2                                                                0.4                        PR > T                            .000#                               .397                                  .351                                     .013+                                        .738                                           .279                                              .999                                                 .319                                                    .705                                                       .208                                                          .999                                                             .793                                                                .547    __________________________________________________________________________    * = 10% SIG     + = 5% SIG     # = 1% SIG

                                      TABLE 2B    __________________________________________________________________________    PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON REPORT    VARIETY #1 = PH79A    VARIETY #2 = PHHB4    __________________________________________________________________________               BU BU     TST                            SDG                               EST                                  TIL                                     GDU                                        GDU                                           POL                                              TAS                                                 PLT                                                    EAR                                                       RT STA                                                             STK                                                                BRT               ACR                  ACR MST                         WT VGR                               CNT                                  LER                                     SHD                                        SLK                                           SC SZ HT HT LDG                                                          GRN                                                             LDG                                                                STK               ABS                  % MN                      ABS                         ABS                            ABS                               ABS                                  ABS                                     ABS                                        ABS                                           ABS                                              ABS                                                 ABS                                                    ABS                                                       ABS                                                          ABS                                                             ABS                                                                ABS    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM           1   78.5                  126 17.7                         58.5                            5.4                               34.6                                  3.2                                     144.1                                        146.2                                           4.8                                              4.6                                                 85.0                                                    35.3                                                       68.2                                                          4.6                                                             95.6                                                                95.1           2   53.2                  82  17.3                         57.9                            4.4                               30.2                                  1.0                                     151.3                                        155.1                                           2.5                                              2.8                                                 86.2                                                    29.4                                                       93.5                                                          5.0                                                             96.5                                                                99.2           LOCS               24 24  29 23 67 107                                  64 89 87 12 40 45 37 10 25 11 13           REPS               30 30  35 28 80 142                                  72 89 88 12 41 50 43 12 26 14 17           DIFF               25.3                  44  0.3                         0.6                            1.0                               4.4                                  2.2                                     7.2                                        8.9                                           2.3                                              1.8                                                 1.2                                                    5.9                                                       25.3                                                          0.4                                                             0.9                                                                4.1           PR > T               .000#                  .000#                      .290                         .026+                            .000#                               .000#                                  .017+                                     .000#                                        .000#                                           .001#                                              .000#                                                 .112                                                    .000#                                                       .012+                                                          .375                                                             .262                                                                .081*    __________________________________________________________________________               GRN                  SCT                     EAR                        TEX                           EAR                              BAR                                 DRP                                    GLF                                       NLF                                          SLF                                             GOS                                                STW                                                   ANT HD      MDM               APP                  GRN                     SZ EAR                           MLD                              PLT                                 EAR                                    SPT                                       BLT                                          BLT                                             WLT                                                WLT                                                   ROT SMT CLN CPX               ABS                  ABS                     ABS                        ABS                           ABS                              ABS                                 ABS                                    ABS                                       ABS                                          ABS                                             ABS                                                ABS                                                   ABS ABS ABS ABS    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM           1   5.8                  7.4                     6.5                        7.0                           7.4                              97.6                                 100.0                                    3.1                                       3.5                                          5.2                                             8.3                                                6.3                                                   3.0 97.8                                                           2.0 2.5           2   6.3                  5.6                     5.9                        6.6                           6.2                              90.4                                 100.0                                    3.4                                       4.5                                          7.0                                             8.0                                                5.0                                                   3.5 97.1                                                           2.5 2.8           LOCS               5  15 11 8  13 39 4  20 11 3  3  5  4   3   1   2           REPS               5  16 11 8  14 41 7  30 20 6  6  7  7   8   2   4           DIFF               0.5                  1.8                     0.5                        0.4                           1.2                              7.2                                 0.0                                    0.3                                       1.1                                          1.8                                             0.3                                                1.3                                                   0.5 0.7 0.5 0.3           PR > T               .643                  .001#                     .258                        .402                           .011+                              .000#                                 .999                                    .383                                       .015+                                          .128                                             .184                                                .193                                                   .182                                                       .770    .500    __________________________________________________________________________                                                    FUS                                                       DIP                                                          COM                                                             ECB                                                                ECB                                                    ERS                                                       ERS                                                          RST                                                             1LF                                                                2SC                                                    ABS                                                       ABS                                                          ABS                                                             ABS                                                                ABS    __________________________________________________________________________                                         TOTAL SUM                                                1   5.0                                                       4.0                                                          3.9                                                             4.3                                                                4.6                                                2   4.7                                                       2.5                                                          4.3                                                             3.5                                                                5.1                                                LOCS                                                    6  1  4  7  4                                                REPS                                                    8  2  5  7  6                                                DIFF                                                    0.3                                                       1.5                                                          0.4                                                             0.8                                                                0.5                                                PR > T                                                    .743  .391                                                             .248                                                                .092*    __________________________________________________________________________    * = 10% SIG     + = 5% SIG     # = 1% SIG

                                      TABLE 2C    __________________________________________________________________________    PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON REPORT    VARIETY #1 = PH79A    VARIETY #2 = PHR61    __________________________________________________________________________               BU BU     TST                            SDG                               EST                                  TIL                                     GDU                                        GDU                                           POL                                              TAS                                                 PLT                                                    EAR                                                       RT STA                                                             STK                                                                BRT               ACR                  ACR MST                         WT VGR                               CNT                                  LER                                     SHD                                        SLK                                           SC SZ HT HT LDG                                                          GRN                                                             LDG                                                                STK               ABS                  % MN                      ABS                         ABS                            ABS                               ABS                                  ABS                                     ABS                                        ABS                                           ABS                                              ABS                                                 ABS                                                    ABS                                                       ABS                                                          ABS                                                             ABS                                                                ABS    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM           1   71.4                  119 17.9                         57.7                            4.9                               37.2                                  3.0                                     144.7                                        146.8                                           4.4                                              4.6                                                 83.1                                                    34.1                                                       87.6                                                          4.6                                                             94.4                                                                91.6           2   49.8                  84  18.0                         60.1                            5.2                               35.2                                  0.5                                     148.3                                        149.7                                           2.4                                              2.3                                                 87.1                                                    31.0                                                       93.8                                                          4.3                                                             91.7                                                                95.1           LOCS               21 21  26 18 47 79 57 70 69 12 29 40 33 7  27 14 14           REPS               37 37  42 31 62 101                                  73 74 73 12 31 49 43 12 35 24 19           DIFF               21.6                  35  0.2                         2.4                            0.3                               2.0                                  2.4                                     3.6                                        2.9                                           2.0                                              2.3                                                 3.9                                                    3.1                                                       6.2                                                          0.3                                                             2.7                                                                3.5           PR > T               .000#                  .000#                      .610                         .000#                            .198                               .013+                                  .005#                                     .000#                                        .000#                                           .008#                                              .000#                                                 .000#                                                    .000#                                                       .170                                                          .462                                                             .031+                                                                .235    __________________________________________________________________________               GRN                  SCT                     EAR                        TEX                           EAR                              BAR                                 DRP                                    GLF                                       NLF                                          SLF                                             GOS                                                STW                                                   ANT HD      MDM               APP                  GRN                     SZ EAR                           MLD                              PLT                                 EAR                                    SPT                                       BLT                                          BLT                                             WLT                                                WLT                                                   ROT SMT CLN CPX               ABS                  ABS                     ABS                        ABS                           ABS                              ABS                                 ABS                                    ABS                                       ABS                                          ABS                                             ABS                                                ABS                                                   ABS ABS ABS ABS    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM           1   7.1                  7.6                     6.6                        6.7                           7.8                              94.3                                 99.7                                    3.2                                       3.4                                          5.2                                             8.3                                                5.9                                                   3.0 97.8                                                           2.0 2.5           2   7.9                  7.3                     4.3                        6.7                           7.2                              91.5                                 100.0                                    2.6                                       5.9                                          5.0                                             7.3                                                3.0                                                   3.3 95.4                                                           2.0 3.3           LOCS               4  12 8  6  9  35 8  16 9  3  3  4  4   3   1   2           REPS               8  13 8  6  10 40 15 25 17 6  6  6  7   8   2   4           DIFF               0.8                  0.3                     2.4                        0.0                           0.6                              2.8                                 0.3                                    0.6                                       2.5                                          0.2                                             1.0                                                2.9                                                   0.3 2.5 0.0 0.8           PR > T               .476                  .368                     .004#                        .999                           .325                              .020+                                 .171                                    .064*                                       .001#                                          .423                                             .074*                                                .007#                                                   .604                                                       .214    .205    __________________________________________________________________________                                                    FUS                                                       DIP                                                          COM                                                             ECB                                                                ECB                                                    ERS                                                       ERS                                                          RST                                                             1LF                                                                2SC                                                    ABS                                                       ABS                                                          ABS                                                             ABS                                                                ABS    __________________________________________________________________________                                         TOTAL SUM                                                1   4.1                                                       4.0                                                          4.0                                                             4.3                                                                4.6                                                2   5.6                                                       3.0                                                          3.6                                                             3.6                                                                3.6                                                LOCS                                                    4  1  4  6  4                                                REPS                                                    7  2  6  6  6                                                DIFF                                                    1.5                                                       1.0                                                          0.4                                                             0.8                                                                0.9                                                PR > T                                                    .291  .591                                                             .350                                                                .289    __________________________________________________________________________    * = 10% SIG     + = 5% SIG     # = 1% SIG

                                      TABLE 2D    __________________________________________________________________________    PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON REPORT    VARIETY #1 = PH79A    VARIETY #2 = PHP38    __________________________________________________________________________               BU BU     TST                            SDG                               EST                                  TIL                                     GDU                                        GDU                                           POL                                              TAS                                                 PLT                                                    EAR                                                       RT STA                                                             STK                                                                BRT               ACR                  ACR MST                         WT VGR                               CNT                                  LER                                     SHD                                        SLK                                           SC SZ HT HT LDG                                                          GRN                                                             LDG                                                                STK               ABS                  % MN                      ABS                         ABS                            ABS                               ABS                                  ABS                                     ABS                                        ABS                                           ABS                                              ABS                                                 ABS                                                    ABS                                                       ABS                                                          ABS                                                             ABS                                                                ABS    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM           1   72.9                  124 17.7                         58.2                            5.4                               36.2                                  3.1                                     143.9                                        146.0                                           4.6                                              4.6                                                 84.8                                                    34.9                                                       74.1                                                          4.7                                                             94.6                                                                92.0           2   56.7                  96  18.7                         58.2                            6.0                               33.9                                  1.1                                     148.4                                        149.7                                           5.7                                              5.4                                                 80.8                                                    30.9                                                       95.3                                                          5.1                                                             94.9                                                                94.1           LOCS               35 35  43 32 79 123                                  71 97 96 13 43 53 45 14 34 18 17           REPS               52 52  60 45 98 168                                  89 101                                        100                                           13 45 64 57 19 42 28 24           DIFF               16.2                  28  1.0                         0.0                            0.6                               2.3                                  2.0                                     4.5                                        3.7                                           1.0                                              0.8                                                 4.0                                                    4.0                                                       21.2                                                          0.5                                                             0.4                                                                2.2           PR > T               .000#                  .001#                      .003#                         .999                            .000#                               .001#                                  .014+                                     .000#                                        .000#                                           .012+                                              .000#                                                 .000#                                                    .000#                                                       .007#                                                          .241                                                             .867                                                                .543    __________________________________________________________________________               GRN                  SCT                     EAR                        TEX                           EAR                              BAR                                 DRP                                    GLF                                       NLF                                          SLF                                             GOS                                                STW                                                   ANT HD      MDM               APP                  GRN                     SZ EAR                           MLD                              PLT                                 EAR                                    SPT                                       BLT                                          BLT                                             WLT                                                WLT                                                   ROT SMT CLN CPX               ABS                  ABS                     ABS                        ABS                           ABS                              ABS                                 ABS                                    ABS                                       ABS                                          ABS                                             ABS                                                ABS                                                   ABS ABS ABS ABS    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM           1   6.4                  7.4                     6.3                        7.1                           7.5                              95.5                                 99.7                                    3.3                                       3.1                                          5.2                                             8.3                                                6.3                                                   3.0 97.8                                                           2.0 2.5           2   6.9                  6.5                     5.5                        6.6                           7.5                              91.3                                 98.8                                    2.8                                       4.0                                          8.0                                             7.7                                                4.5                                                   3.5 100.0                                                           4.5 3.0           LOCS               9  15 12 9  15 52 8  22 12 3  3  5  3   3   1   2           REPS               13 16 12 9  16 58 15 32 22 6  5  7  6   8   2   4           DIFF               0.5                  0.9                     0.8                        0.6                           0.0                              4.2                                 1.0                                    0.5                                       0.8                                          2.8                                             0.7                                                1.8                                                   0.5 2.2 2.5 0.5           PR > T               .414                  .014+                     .044+                        .247                           .999                              .013+                                 .147                                    .126                                       .077*                                          .051*                                             .184                                                .152                                                   .580                                                       .187    .000#    __________________________________________________________________________                                                    FUS                                                       DIP                                                          COM                                                             ECB                                                                ECB                                                    ERS                                                       ERS                                                          RST                                                             1LF                                                                2SC                                                    ABS                                                       ABS                                                          ABS                                                             ABS                                                                ABS    __________________________________________________________________________                                         TOTAL SUM                                                1   5.1                                                       4.0                                                          3.6                                                             4.3                                                                4.6                                                2   5.3                                                       4.0                                                          5.7                                                             2.8                                                                5.0                                                LOCS                                                    6  1  5  7  4                                                REPS                                                    9  2  7  7  6                                                DIFF                                                    0.3                                                       0.0                                                          2.1                                                             1.5                                                                0.4                                                PR > T                                                    .788  .049+                                                             .031+                                                                .718    __________________________________________________________________________    * = 10% SIG     + = 5% SIG     # = 1% SIG

                                      TABLE 2E    __________________________________________________________________________    PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON REPORT    VARIETY #1 = PH79A    VARIETY #2 = PHK35               BU BU     TST                            SDG                               EST                                  TIL                                     GDU                                        GDU                                           PLT                                              EAR                                                 STA                                                    STK                                                       GRN                                                          DRP                                                             COM                                                                ECB               ACR                  ACR MST                         WT VGR                               CNT                                  LER                                     SHD                                        SLK                                           HT HT GRN                                                    LDG                                                       APP                                                          EAR                                                             RST                                                                2SC               ABS                  % MN                      ABS                         ABS                            ABS                               ABS                                  ABS                                     ABS                                        ABS                                           ABS                                              ABS                                                 ABS                                                    ABS                                                       ABS                                                          ABS                                                             ABS                                                                ABS    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM           1   64.1                  133 18.2                         57.7                            4.8                               48.4                                  2.4                                     151.0                                        152.4                                           83.9                                              31.9                                                 5.3                                                    92.8                                                       7.2                                                          99.6                                                             4.0                                                                4.0           2   50.3                  102 17.9                         59.1                            3.4                               35.2                                  0.3                                     154.9                                        157.8                                           86.0                                              29.4                                                 4.7                                                    92.7                                                       8.3                                                          98.8                                                             3.0                                                                3.0           LOCS               3  3   3  3  6  8  7  8  8  6  6  6  3  3  3  1  1           REPS               6  6   6  6  8  11 10 10 10 8  8  8  6  6  6  1  1           DIFF               13.9                  31  0.3                         1.4                            1.4                               13.3                                  2.1                                     3.9                                        5.4                                           2.1                                              2.5                                                 0.7                                                    0.1                                                       1.2                                                          0.8                                                             1.0                                                                1.0           PR > T               .031+                  .052*                      .749                         .092*                            .077*                               .009#                                  .115                                     .002#                                        .002#                                           .403                                              .342                                                 .235                                                    .989                                                       .336                                                          .190    __________________________________________________________________________    * = 10% SIG     + = 5% SIG     # = 1% SIG

                                      TABLE 3A    __________________________________________________________________________    Average Inbred By Tester Performance Comparing PH79A To PHTP9 Crossed To    The Same Inbred Testers And Grown In The Same Experiments.    __________________________________________________________________________               SEL    BU BU  PRM    TST                                       SDG EST GDU GDU STK PLT EAR               IND PRM                      ACR                         ACR SHD                                MST WT VGR CNT SHD SLK CNT HT  HT               % MN                   ABS                      ABS                         % MN                             ABS                                % MN                                    ABS                                       % MN                                           % MN                                               % MN                                                   % MN                                                       % MN                                                           %                                                               %    __________________________________________________________________________                                                               MN    TOTAL SUM           REPS               1   1  80 80  1  83  56 36  49  22  13  98  38  36           LOCS               1   1  70 70  1  73  49 29  42  18  10  83  33  32           PH79A               110 111                      158                         110 111                                106 56 88  102 98  99  101 96  98           PHTP9               113 106                      146                         101 111                                96  56 103 98  95  95  99  92  98           DIFF               3   5  12 8   0  10  1  14  4   3   4   2   4   1           PR > T     0.00                         0.00                             0.99                                0.00                                    0.01                                       0.00                                           0.00                                               0.00                                                   0.00                                                       0.04                                                           0.00                                                               0.55    __________________________________________________________________________                            RT  STA STK BRT GRN SOU                                                   ECB                                                      ECB                                                         DRP GLF                                                                NLF                            LDG GRN LDG STK APP RST                                                   1LF                                                      2SC                                                         EAR SPT                                                                BLT                            % MN                                % MN                                    % MN                                        % MN                                            % MN                                                ABS                                                   ABS                                                      ABS                                                         % MN                                                             ABS                                                                ABS    __________________________________________________________________________                 TOTAL SUM                        REPS                            30  26  69  9   8   1  1  6  50  1  2                        LOCS                            26  22  61  5   8   1  1  6  43  1  1                        PH79A                            101 134 107 111 102 5  4  4  100 3  4                        PHTP9                            96  89  105 92  98  4  4  3  100 3  6                        DIFF                            4   45  1   19  3   1  0  1  0   0  2                        PR > T                            0.34                                0.00                                    0.26                                        0.17                                            0.47   0.99                                                      0.22                                                         0.99                                                             0.99    __________________________________________________________________________    * PR > T values are valid only for comparisons with Locs >= 10.

                                      TABLE 3B    __________________________________________________________________________    Average Inbred By Tester Performance Comparing PH79A To PHP38 Crossed To    The Same Inbred Testers And Grown In The Same Experiments.    __________________________________________________________________________               SEL    BU BU  PRM    TST                                       SDG EST GDU GDU STK PLT EAR               IND PRM                      ACR                         ACR SHD                                MST WT VGR CNT SHD SLK CNT HT  HT               % MN                   ABS                      ABS                         % MN                             ABS                                % MN                                    ABS                                       % MN                                           % MN                                               % MN                                                   % MN                                                       % MN                                                           %                                                               %    __________________________________________________________________________                                                               MN    TOTAL SUM           REPS               8   10 36 36  9  39  33 19  25  15  2   46  25  25           LOCS               8   10 32 32  9  35  29 16  20  14  2   40  22  22           PH79A               103 109                      147                         106 110                                102 54 89  101 100 101 102 98  102           PHP38               106 109                      152                         111 111                                105 54 121 99  101 101 101 100 104           DIFF               3   1  5  5   1  3   0  32  2   1   0   0   2   2           PR > T               0.44                   0.43                      0.09                         0.04                             0.09                                0.03                                    0.99                                       0.00                                           0.16                                               0.03                                                   0.99                                                       0.99                                                           0.05                                                               0.27    __________________________________________________________________________                                  RT  STA STK BRT GRN ECB                                                         ECB                                                            DRP GLF                                  LDG GRN LDG STK APP DPE                                                         2SC                                                            EAR SPT                                  % MN                                      % MN                                          % MN                                              % MN                                                  % MN                                                      ABS                                                         ABS                                                            %                                                                ABS    __________________________________________________________________________                       TOTAL SUM                              REPS                                  11  21  34  8   23  6  9  27  2                              LOCS                                  8   17  29  8   19  6  9  22  1                              PH79A                                  90  120 104 101 97  99 5  100 5                              PHP38                                  103 136 102 100 99  99 7  100 4                              DIFF                                  13  16  2   1   2   0  1  0   1                              PR > T                                  0.04                                      0.23                                          0.49                                              0.20                                                  0.80                                                      0.99                                                         0.04                                                            0.99    __________________________________________________________________________    *PR > T values are valid only for comparisons with Locs >= 10.

                                      TABLE 3C    __________________________________________________________________________    Average Inbred By Tester Performance Comparing PH79A To PHHB4 Crossed To    The Same Inbred Testers And Grown In The Same Experiments.    __________________________________________________________________________               SEL    BU BU  PRM    TST                                       SDG EST GDU GDU STK PLT EAR               IND PRM                      ACR                         ACR SHD                                MST WT VGR CNT SHD SLK CNT HT  HT               % MN                   ABS                      ABS                         % MN                             ABS                                % MN                                    ABS                                       % MN                                           % MN                                               % MN                                                   % MN                                                       % MN                                                           %                                                               %    __________________________________________________________________________                                                               MN    TOTAL SUM           REPS               2   4  16 16  4  16  14 8   15  7   1   22  12  12           LOCS               2   4  12 12  4  12  10 5   10  6   1   16  9   9           PH79A               107 110                      162                         108 111                                101 55 88  101 101 101 103 100 100           PHHB4               103 108                      158                         104 114                                101 55 93  99  103 101 99  107 101           DIFF               4   1  4  4   2  0   0  6   2   2   0   4   7   1           PR > T               0.74                   0.36                      0.32                         0.24                             0.14                                0.99                                    0.99                                       0.36                                           0.26                                               0.21                                                   0.99                                                       0.01                                                           0.01                                                               0.82    __________________________________________________________________________                                  RT  STA STK BRT GRN ECB                                                         ECB                                                            DRP GLF                                  LDG GRN LDG STK APP DPE                                                         2SC                                                            EAR SPT                                  % MN                                      % MN                                          % MN                                              % MN                                                  % MN                                                      ABS                                                         ABS                                                            %                                                                ABS    __________________________________________________________________________                       TOTAL SUM                              REPS                                  7   12  17  3   13  2  3  12  2                              LOCS                                  4   8   12  3   9   2  3  7   1                              PH79A                                  95  72  101 101 99  100                                                         5  100 5                              PHHB4                                  99  113 97  101 98  99 6  100 4                              DIFF                                  4   41  4   0   0   1  1  1   1                              PR > T                                  0.27                                      0.00                                          0.22                                              0.99                                                  0.99                                                      0.50                                                         0.18                                                            0.10    __________________________________________________________________________    *PR > T values are valid only for comparisons with Locs >= 10.

                                      TABLE 3D    __________________________________________________________________________    Average Inbred By Tester Performance Comparing PH79A To PH38D Crossed To    The Same Inbred Testers And Grown In The Same Experiments.    __________________________________________________________________________               SEL    BU BU  PRM    TST                                       SDG EST GDU GDU STK PLT EAR               IND PRM                      ACR                         ACR SHD                                MST WT VGR CNT SHD SLK CNT HT  HT               % MN                   ABS                      ABS                         % MN                             ABS                                % MN                                    ABS                                       % MN                                           % MN                                               % MN                                                   % MN                                                       % MN                                                           %                                                               %    __________________________________________________________________________                                                               MN    TOTAL SUM           REPS               1   1  46 46  1  46  32 17  22  12  6   51  20  20           LOCS               1   1  46 46  1  46  32 17  22  12  6   50  20  20           PH79A               100 108                      153                         109 105                                107 56 90  101 98  99  101 95  99           PH38D               98  106                      147                         105 106                                95  57 100 102 98  97  101 97  97           DIFF               2   2  6  5   1  12  1  10  1   0   3   0   3   2           PR > T     0.01                         0.02   0.00                                    0.00                                       0.06                                           0.51                                               0.99                                                   0.01                                                       0.99                                                           0.02                                                               0.49    __________________________________________________________________________                               RT  STA STK BRT GRN SOU                                                      ECB                                                         DRP GLF                                                                NLF                               LDG GRN LDG STK APP RST                                                      2SC                                                         EAR SPT                                                                BLT                               % MN                                   % MN                                       % MN                                           % MN                                               % MN                                                   ABS                                                      ABS                                                         % MN                                                             ABS                                                                ABS    __________________________________________________________________________                    TOTAL SUM                           REPS                               16  14  42  2   6   1  6  29  1  2                           LOCS                               16  14  41  2   6   1  6  29  1  1                           PH79A                               103 133 108 104 99  5  4  100 3  4                           PH38D                               103 81  102 103 92  5  3  100 2  4                           DIFF                               0   52  5   1   8   0  1  0   1  0                           PR > T                               0.99                                   0.00                                       0.00                                           0.50                                               0.28                                                   0.99                                                      0.18                                                         0.99   0.99    __________________________________________________________________________    *PR > T values are valid only for comparisons with Locs >= 10.

                                      TABLE 3E    __________________________________________________________________________    Average Inbred By Tester Performance Comparing PH79A To PH42B Crossed To    The Same Inbred Testers And Grown In The Same Experiments.    __________________________________________________________________________               SEL    BU BU  PRM    TST                                       SDG EST GDU GDU STK PLT EAR               IND PRM                      ACR                         ACR SHD                                MST WT VGR CNT SHD SLK CNT HT  HT               % MN                   ABS                      ABS                         % MN                             ABS                                % MN                                    ABS                                       % MN                                           % MN                                               % MN                                                   % MN                                                       % MN                                                           %                                                               %    __________________________________________________________________________                                                               MN    TOTAL SUM           REPS               7   9  151                         151 9  155 111                                       72  104 43  20  180 75  73           LOCS               7   9  130                         130 9  133 92 56  82  36  16  148 63  62           PH79A               106 110                      158                         108 111                                104 56 93  101 99  99  101 97  99           PH42B               106 108                      155                         106 113                                97  56 95  99  100 99  98  98  96           DIFF               1   3  2  2   2  7   0  1   3   1   0   3   1   3           PR > T               0.83                   0.05                      0.11                         0.15                             0.06                                0.00                                    0.99                                       0.59                                           0.00                                               0.00                                                   0.99                                                       0.00                                                           0.11                                                               0.02    __________________________________________________________________________                      RT  STA STK BRT GRN STW                                             SOU                                                ECB                                                   ECB                                                      ECB                                                         DRP GLF                                                                NLF                      LDG GRN LDG STK APP WLT                                             RST                                                DPE                                                   1LF                                                      2SC                                                         EAR SPT                                                                BLT                      % MN                          % MN                              % MN                                  % MN                                      % MN                                          ABS                                             ABS                                                ABS                                                   ABS                                                      ABS                                                         % MN                                                             ABS                                                                ABS    __________________________________________________________________________           TOTAL SUM                  REPS                      49  62  130 15  40  1  1  4  1  11 78  4  2                  LOCS                      38  50  109 11  32  1  1  4  1  11 61  3  1                  PH79A                      97  118 106 105 105 6  5  100                                                   4  5  100 4  4                  PH42B                      100 118 105 102 97  5  5  100                                                   4  5  100 4  7                  DIFF                      3   0   1   3   8   1  0  1  0  0  0   0  3                  PR > T                      0.24                          0.99                              0.21                                  0.23                                      0.04   0.99                                                0.39                                                   0.99                                                      0.99                                                         0.99                                                             0.99    __________________________________________________________________________    *PR > T values are valid only for comparisons with Locs >= 10.

                                      TABLE 4A    __________________________________________________________________________    INBREDS IN HYBRID COMBINATION REPORT    VARIETY #1 = PH79A/PH24E    VARIETY #2 = PHP38/PHPP8    __________________________________________________________________________                  PRM                     BU BU      TST                                   SDG EST GDU GDU STK               PRM                  SHD                     ACR                        ACR MST WT VGR CNT SHD SLK CNT               ABS                  ABS                     ABS                        % MN                            % MN                                ABS                                   % MN                                       % MN                                           % MN                                               % MN                                                   % MN    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM           1   110                  106                     155.5                        107 103 56.1                                   93  98  97  98  99           2   111                  110                     150.8                        102 105 55.5                                   112 100 100 101 100           LOCS               22 32 95 95  98  66 85  109 53  33  192           REPS               22 32 113                        113 117 77 102 133 63  37  260           DIFF               1  3  4.7                        5   2   0.7                                   18  2   4   3   1           PR > T               .044+                  .000#                     .030+                        .005#                            .001#                                .011+                                   .000#                                       .117                                           .000#                                               .000#                                                   .162    __________________________________________________________________________               PLT EAR RT  STA STK BRT GRN DRP GLF                                                  NLF                                                     SLF               HT  HT  LDG GRN LDG STK APP EAR SPT                                                  BLT                                                     BLT               % MN                   % MN                       % MN                           % MN                               % MN                                   % MN                                       % MN                                           % MN                                               ABS                                                  ABS                                                     ABS    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM           1   95  97  93  114 106 104 103 100 3.2                                                  4.8                                                     4.8           2   102 103 97  94  99  108 102 99  2.9                                                  3.5                                                     6.3           LOCS               66  65  36  53  79  20  7   40  11 5  3           REPS               75  73  42  64  91  37  7   45  19 10 6           DIFF               7   6   4   20  8   4   1   1   0.3                                                  1.3                                                     1.5           PR > T               .000#                   .000#                       .264                           .000#                               .000#                                   .114                                       .916                                           .036+                                               .358                                                  .065*                                                     .286    __________________________________________________________________________                       GOS                          STW                             ANT                                HD    FUS                                         COM                                            SOU                                               ECB                                                  ECB                                                     ECB                       WLT                          WLT                             ROT                                SMT                                   CLN                                      ERS                                         RST                                            RST                                               DPE                                                  1LF                                                     2SC                       ABS                          ABS                             ABS                                ABS                                   ABS                                      ABS                                         ABS                                            ABS                                               ABS                                                  ABS                                                     ABS    __________________________________________________________________________            TOTAL SUM                   1   7.5                          6.5                             3.2                                97.6                                   3.5                                      5.5                                         6.0                                            5.0                                               97.5                                                  3.5                                                     3.8                   2   7.0                          3.0                             4.0                                100.0                                   4.0                                      6.5                                         5.5                                            5.0                                               98.5                                                  2.0                                                     3.0                   LOCS                       2  2  3  1  1  1  1  1  3  2  6                   REPS                       4  2  6  2  2  2  2  1  3  2  6                   DIFF                       0.5                          3.5                             0.8                                2.4                                   0.5                                      1.0                                         0.5                                            0.0                                               1.0                                                  1.5                                                     0.8                   PR > T                       .500                          .090*                             .130              .423                                                  .205                                                     .341    __________________________________________________________________________    * = 10% SIG     + = 5% SIG     # = 1% SIG

                                      TABLE 4B    __________________________________________________________________________    INBREDS IN HYBRID COMBINATION REPORT    VARIETY #1 = PH79A/PH24E    VARIETY #2 = PHP38/PHN46    __________________________________________________________________________                   PRM BU  BU      TST SDG EST GDU               PRM SHD ACR ACR MST WT  VGR CNT SHD               ABS ABS ABS % MN                               % MN                                   ABS % MN                                           % MN                                               % MN    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM           1   110 106 167.3                           104 102 56.0                                       92  99  97           2   109 112 164.5                           102 99  56.4                                       125 102 103           LOCS               36  49  169 169 171 101 149 181 85           REPS               36  49  201 201 205 115 179 208 99           DIFF               1   5   2.8 3   3   0.4 32  4   6           PR > T               .000#                   .000#                       .095*                           .012+                               .000#                                   .007#                                       .000#                                           .000#                                               .000#    __________________________________________________________________________               GDU STK PLT EAR RT  STA STK BRT GRN               SLK CNT HT  HT  LDG GRN LDG STK APP               % MN                   % MN                       % MN                           % MN                               % MN                                   % MN                                       % MN                                           % MN                                               % MN    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM           1   98  99  94  95  97  115 105 104 105           2   102 101 98  104 107 102 102 98  103           LOCS               54  390 132 131 69  109 136 25  24           REPS               62  477 148 146 85  126 162 37  24           DIFF               4   2   4   8   10  13  4   5   2           PR > T               .000#                   .000#                       .000#                           .000#                               .001#                                   .000#                                       .001#                                           .082*                                               .617    __________________________________________________________________________               DRP GLF NLF SLF GOS STW ANT HD               EAR SPT BLT BLT WLT WLT ROT SMT CLN               % MN                   ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM           1   100 3.3 5.0 5.3 7.7 6.5 3.2 92.9                                               3.5           2   99  2.3 5.1 5.0 7.8 6.5 3.0 93.9                                               3.5           LOCS               73  23  11  4   3   2   3   3   1           REPS               81  37  22  8   6   2   6   8   2           DIFF               0   1.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.2 1.0 0.0           PR > T               .999                   .000#                       .844                           .604                               .742                                   .999                                       .423                                           .766    __________________________________________________________________________               FUS GIB DIP EYE COM SOU ECB ECB ECB               ERS ERS ERS SPT RST RST DPE 1LF 2SC               ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM           1   5.5 5.0 3.0 6.0 6.0 5.0 98.7                                           3.5 5.6           2   4.0 8 0 8.0 4.5 4.5 3.0 99.7                                           1.5 5.3           LOCS               1   1   1   2   1   1   7   2   13           REPS               2   1   1   2   2   1   7   2   18           DIFF               1.5 3.0 5.0 1.5 1.5 2.0 1.1 2.0 0.3           PR > T          .205        .226                                           .000#                                               .621    __________________________________________________________________________    * = 10% SIG     + = 5% SIG     # = 1% SIG

                                      TABLE 4C    __________________________________________________________________________    INBREDS IN HYBRID COMBINATION REPORT    VARIETY #1 = PH79A/PH24E    VARIETY #2 = PHHB4/PHK56    __________________________________________________________________________                  PRM                     BU BU      TST                                   SDG EST GDU GDU STK PLT EAR RT               PRM                  SHD                     ACR                        ACR MST WT VGR CNT SHD SLK CNT HT  HT  LDG               ABS                  ABS                     ABS                        % MN                            % MN                                ABS                                   % MN                                       % MN                                           % MN                                               % MN                                                   % MN                                                       % MN                                                           %                                                               %    __________________________________________________________________________                                                               MN    TOTAL SUM           1   110                  106                     167.6                        106 103 56.0                                   92  99  97  98  99  95  96  97           2   109                  109                     160.7                        101 100 56.1                                   84  99  100 101 100 101 88  112           LOCS               35 48 150                        150 152 95 146 182 84  53  332 123 122 66           REPS               35 48 179                        179 183 109                                   174 210 96  60  421 137 135 79           DIFF               1  2  6.9                        5   3   0.2                                   8   0   3   3   0   6   8   15           PR > T               .000#                  .000#                     .000#                        .000#                            .000#                                .214                                   .000#                                       .999                                           .000#                                               .000#                                                   .999                                                       .000#                                                           .000#                                                               .001#    __________________________________________________________________________               STA STK BRT GRN DRP GLF                                      NLF                                         SLF                                            GOS                                               STW                                                  ANT                                                     HD    FUS                                                              DIP               GRN LDG STK APP EAR SPT                                      BLT                                         BLT                                            WLT                                               WLT                                                  ROT                                                     SMT                                                        CLN                                                           ERS                                                              ERS               % MN                   % MN                       % MN                           % MN                               % MN                                   ABS                                      ABS                                         ABS                                            ABS                                               ABS                                                  ABS                                                     ABS                                                        ABS                                                           ABS                                                              ABS    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM           1   115 105 104 105 100 3.3                                      4.9                                         5.3                                            7.7                                               6.5                                                  3.2                                                     92.9                                                        3.5                                                           5.5                                                              3.0           2   96  99  88  96  101 3.4                                      3.9                                         4.3                                            7.8                                               4.5                                                  2.5                                                     100.0                                                        5.5                                                           5.0                                                              8.0           LOCS               104 121 26  24  60  23 10 4  3  2  3  3  1  1  1           REPS               120 144 45  24  67  37 19 8  6  2  6  8  2  2  1           DIFF               19  6   15  8   1   0.1                                      1.0                                         1.0                                            0.2                                               2.0                                                  0.7                                                     7.1                                                        2.0                                                           0.5                                                              5.0           PR > T               .000#                   .000#                       .016+                           .093*                               .001#                                   .724                                      .013+                                         .252                                            .423                                               .000#                                                  .578                                                     .278    __________________________________________________________________________                                                 EYE                                                    COM                                                       SOU                                                          ECB                                                             ECB                                                                ECB                                                 SPT                                                    RST                                                       RST                                                          DPE                                                             1LF                                                                2SC                                                 ABS                                                    ABS                                                       ABS                                                          ABS                                                             ABS                                                                ABS    __________________________________________________________________________                                      TOTAL SUM                                             1   6.0                                                    6.0                                                       5.0                                                          98.7                                                             3.5                                                                5.6                                             2   6.5                                                    5.0                                                       5.0                                                          100.0                                                             2.5                                                                5.0                                             LOCS                                                 2  1  1  7  2  13                                             REPS                                                 2  2  1  7  2  18                                             DIFF                                                 0.5                                                    1.0                                                       0.0                                                          1.3                                                             1.0                                                                0.6                                             PR > T                                                 .795     .249                                                             .000#                                                                .124    __________________________________________________________________________    * = 10% SIG     + = 5% SIG     # = 1% SIG

                                      TABLE 4D    __________________________________________________________________________    INBREDS IN HYBRID COMBINATION REPORT    VARIETY #1 = PH79A/PH24E    VARIETY #2 = PHTP9/PH24E    __________________________________________________________________________                  PRM                     BU BU      TST                                   SDG EST GDU GDU STK PLT EAR RT               PRM                  SHD                     ACR                        ACR MST WT VGR CNT SHD SLK CNT HT  HT  LDG               ABS                  ABS                     ABS                        % MN                            % MN                                ABS                                   % MN                                       % MN                                           % MN                                               % MN                                                   % MN                                                       % MN                                                           %                                                               %    __________________________________________________________________________                                                               MN    TOTAL SUM           1   110                  106                     157.3                        108 104 55.9                                   93  100 97  99  99  96  98  100           2   106                  104                     145.5                        100 95  56.5                                   107 99  95  96  99  92  98  96           LOCS               17 23 72 72  75  53 47  67  41  27  112 45  44  30           REPS               17 23 82 82  85  60 56  75  45  30  140 50  48  34           DIFF               4  3  11.8                        8   10  0.6                                   14  0   2   3   1   4   0   4           PR > T               .000#                  .000#                     .000#                        .000#                            .000#                                .003#                                   .001#                                       .999                                           .000#                                               .000#                                                   .485                                                       .000#                                                           .999                                                               .226    __________________________________________________________________________                             STA STK BRT GRN DRP GLF                                                    NLF                                                       SOU                                                          ECB                                                             ECB                                                                ECB                             GRN LDG STK APP EAR SPT                                                    BLT                                                       RST                                                          DPE                                                             1LF                                                                2SC                             % MN                                 % MN                                     % MN                                         % MN                                             % MN                                                 ABS                                                    ABS                                                       ABS                                                          ABS                                                             ABS                                                                ABS    __________________________________________________________________________                  TOTAL SUM                         1   121 106 108 102 100 3.2                                                    4.0                                                       5.0                                                          97.5                                                             4.0                                                                3.8                         2   82  105 90  97  100 3.1                                                    6.0                                                       4.0                                                          98.7                                                             4.0                                                                3.0                         LOCS                             27  62  8   12  43  9  1  1  3  1  6                         REPS                             31  70  14  12  50  10 2  1  3  1  6                         DIFF                             39  1   18  5   0   0.1                                                    2.0                                                       1.0                                                          1.1                                                             0.0                                                                0.8                         PR > T                             .000#                                 .274                                     .051*                                         .306                                             .999                                                 .681     .654  .224    __________________________________________________________________________    * = 10% SIG     + = 5% SIG     # = 1% SIG

                                      TABLE 4E    __________________________________________________________________________    INBREDS IN HYBRID COMBINATION REPORT    VARIETY #1 = PH79A/PH24E    VARIETY #2 = PH38D/PH24E    __________________________________________________________________________                  PRM                     BU BU      TST                                   SDG EST GDU GDU STK PLT EAR RT               PRM                  SHD                     ACR                        ACR MST WT VGR CNT SHD SLK CNT HT  HT  LDG               ABS                  ABS                     ABS                        % MN                            % MN                                ABS                                   % MN                                       % MN                                           % MN                                               % MN                                                   % MN                                                       % MN                                                           %                                                               %    __________________________________________________________________________                                                               MN    TOTAL SUM           1   110                  106                     156.2                        108 105 56.3                                   91  98  98  99  99  94  97  95           2   105                  106                     149.6                        103 94  57.1                                   90  101 98  97  100 96  93  109           LOCS               10 19 50 50  50  35 49  59  36  25  120 48  48  24           REPS               10 19 50 50  50  35 52  61  37  25  148 50  50  24           DIFF               5  0  6.6                        5   11  0.8                                   2   2   0   2   0   2   3   14           PR > T               .000#                  .999                     .010+                        .017+                            .000#                                .002#                                   .637                                       .138                                           .999                                               .000#                                                   .999                                                       .037+                                                           .071*                                                               .076*    __________________________________________________________________________                          STA STK BRT GRN DRP GLF                                                 NLF                                                    HD SOU                                                          ECB                                                             ECB                                                                ECB                          GRN LDG STK APP EAR SPT                                                 BLT                                                    SMT                                                       RST                                                          DPE                                                             1LF                                                                2SC                          % MN                              % MN                                  % MN                                      % MN                                          % MN                                              ABS                                                 ABS                                                    ABS                                                       ABS                                                          ABS                                                             ABS                                                                ABS    __________________________________________________________________________               TOTAL SUM                      1   115 107 103 100 100 3.5                                                 4.0                                                    90.1                                                       5.0                                                          97.5                                                             3.0                                                                3.8                      2   66  102 103 91  100 3.5                                                 4.0                                                    90.9                                                       5.0                                                          99.3                                                             4.0                                                                2.7                      LOCS                          30  42  6   10  27  10 1  2  1  3  1  6                      REPS                          30  43  15  10  27  12 2  6  1  3  1  6                      DIFF                          49  5   0   9   0   0.1                                                 0.0                                                    0.9                                                       0.0                                                          1.8                                                             1.0                                                                1.2                      PR > T                          .000#                              .003#                                  .999                                      .230                                          .999                                              .853  .847  .423  .180    __________________________________________________________________________    * = 10% SIG     + = 5% SIG     # = 1% SIG

                                      TABLE 4F    __________________________________________________________________________    INBRED IN HYBRID COMBINATION REPORT    VARIETY #1 = PH79A/PH24E    VARIETY #2 = PH44A/PH24E    __________________________________________________________________________                  PRM                     BU BU      TST SDG EST GDU GDU STK               PRM                  SHD                     ACR                        ACR MST WT  VGR CNT SHD SLK CNT               ABS                  ABS                     ABS                        % MN                            % MN                                ABS % MN                                        % MN                                            % MN                                                % MN                                                    % MN    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM           1   109                  106                     165.0                        104 102 55.4                                    93  98  97  98  99           2   107                  108                     163.3                        102 95  55.9                                    89  98  98  98  100           LOCS               42 53 173                        173 174 99  98  105 68  48  213           REPS               42 53 223                        223 224 110 125 126 82  56  305           DIFF               3  1  1.8                        1   7   0.4 3   0   1   0   1           PR > T               .000#                  .000#                     .227                        .195                            .000#                                .013+                                    .223                                        .999                                            .000#                                                .999                                                    .287    __________________________________________________________________________               PLT EAR RT  STA STK BRT GRN DRP GLF                                                  NLF                                                     SLF               HT  HT  LDG GRN LDG STK APP EAR SPT                                                  BLT                                                     BLT               % MN                   % MN                       % MN                           % MN                               % MN                                   % MN                                       % MN                                           % MN                                               ABS                                                  ABS                                                     ABS    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM           1   95  97  98  111 106 104 102 100 3.4                                                  5.0                                                     6.1           2   96  95  96  105 103 108 97  101 4.0                                                  6.9                                                     5.4           LOCS               91  90  52  68  124 20  13  61  28 11 7           REPS               115 113 70  92  155 39  13  68  40 22 17           DIFF               2   1   2   6   3   4   4   1   0.6                                                  1.9                                                     0.7           PR > T               .004#                   .240                       .678                           .156                               .003#                                   .184                                       .461                                           .241                                               .018+                                                  .001#                                                     .103    __________________________________________________________________________                    GOS                       STW                          ANT                             HD    FUS                                      DIP                                         COM                                            SOU                                               ECB                                                  ECB                                                     ECB                    WLT                       WLT                          ROT                             SMT                                CLN                                   ERS                                      ERS                                         RST                                            RST                                               DPE                                                  1LF                                                     2SC                    ABS                       ABS                          ABS                             ABS                                ABS                                   ABS                                      ABS                                         ABS                                            ABS                                               ABS                                                  ABS                                                     ABS    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM   1   7.5                       6.5                          3.1                             97.7                                4.8                                   5.2                                      3.0                                         6.0                                            5.0                                               97.5                                                  3.5                                                     5.1                2   8.0                       5.5                          3.9                             100.0                                2.8                                   3.2                                      2.0                                         6.0                                            5.0                                               98.6                                                  3.5                                                     4.7                LOCS                    2  2  4  2  2  3  1  1  1  3  2  17                REPS                    4  2  7  6  4  5  1  2  1  3  2  22                DIFF                    0.5                       1.0                          0.8                             2.3                                2.0                                   2.0                                      1.0                                         0.0                                            0.0                                               1.1                                                  0.0                                                     0.4                PR > T                    .500                       .500                          .103                             .029+                                .156                                   .074*       .680                                                  .999                                                     .236    __________________________________________________________________________    * = 10% SIG     + = 5% SIG     # = 1% SIG

                                      TABLE 5    __________________________________________________________________________    PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON REPORT    VARIETY #1 = PH79A    VARIETY #2 = PHP38               BU BU  KER                         KER                            CLD                               CLD EST SDG GDU               ACR                  ACR ACR                         LB TST                               TST CNT VGR SLK               ABS                  % MN                      ABS                         ABS                            ABS                               % MN                                   % MN                                       % MN                                           ABS    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM           1   79.6                  123 95.6                         191.9                            93.1                               104 108 102 146.4           2   61.6                  95  66.7                         162.9                            90.0                               100 99  115 150.5           LOCS               44 44  43 19 17 17  113 75  75           DIFF               17.9                  29  28.9                         28.9                            3.0                               3   8   13  4.1           PR > T               .000#                  .000#                      .000#                         .002#                            .033+                               .034+                                   .001#                                       .001#                                           .000#    __________________________________________________________________________    * = 10% SIG     + = 5% SIG     # = 1% SIG

Deposits

A deposit of the seed of inbred PH79A is and has been maintained byPioneerHi-Bred International, Inc., 700 Capital Square, 400 LocustStreet, Des Moines, Iowa 50309-2340, since prior to the filing date ofthis application. Access to this deposit will be available during thependency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents andTrademarks and person determined by the Commissioner to be entitledthereto upon request.Upon allowance of any claims in the application,the Applicant(s) will makeavailable to the public without restriction adeposit of at least 2500 seeds of inbred PH79A with the American TypeCulture Collection (ATCC), Rockville, Md., 20852. The seeds depositedwith the ATCC will be taken from the same deposit maintained at PioneerHi-Bred and described above. Additionally, Applicant(s) will meet allthe requirements of 37 C.F.R. §1.801-1.809, including providing anindication of the viability of the sample when the deposit is made. Thisdeposit of Inbred Maize Line PH79A will be maintained in the ATCCDepository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5years after the most recent request, or for the enforceable life of thepatent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced if it ever becomesnonviable during that period. Applicant will impose no restrictions onthe availability of the depositedmaterial from the ATCC; however,Applicant has no authority to waive any restrictions imposed by law onthe transfer of biological material or its transportation in commerce.Applicant does not waive any infringement of its rights granted underthis patent or under the Plant Variety ProtectionAct (7 USC 2321 etseq.).

The foregoing invention has been described in detail by way ofillustrationand example for purposes of clarity and understanding.However, it will be obvious that certain changes and modifications suchas single gene modifications and mutations, somoclonal variants, variantindividuals selected from large populations of the plants of the instantinbred and the like may be practiced within the scope of the invention,as limited only by the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. Seed of maize inbred line designated PH79A,representative samples having been deposited under ATCC Accession No.209913.
 2. A maize plant, or parts thereof, having all the physiologicaland morphological characteristics of inbred line PH79A, representativeseed of said line having been deposited under ATCC accession No. 209913.3. The maize plant of claim 2, wherein said plant is male sterile.
 4. Atissue culture of regenerable cells of a maize plant of inbred linePH79A, wherein the tissue regenerates plants capable of expressing allthe morphological and physiological characteristics of the inbred linePH79A, representative seed of which have been deposited under ATCCAccession No.
 209913. 5. A tissue culture according to claim 4, thecells or protoplasts being from a tissue selected from the groupconsisting of leaves, pollen, embryos, roots, root tips, anthers, silks,flowers, kernels, ears, cobs, husks, and stalks.
 6. A maize plantregenerated from the tissue culture of claim 4, said plant capable ofexpressing all the morphological and physiological characteristics ofinbred line PH79A, representative seed of which have been depositedunder ATCC Accession No.
 209913. 7. A method for producing a firstgeneration (F₁) hybrid maize seed comprising crossing the plant of claim2 with a different inbred parent maize plant and harvesting theresultant first generation (F₁) hybrid maize seed.
 8. The method ofclaim 7 wherein inbred maize plant of claim 2 is the female or maleparent.
 9. An F₁ hybrid seed produced by crossing the inbred maize plantaccording to claim 2 with another, different maize plant.
 10. An F₁hybrid plant, or parts thereof, grown from the seed of claim
 9. 11. Aprocess for producing inbred PH79A comprising:planting a collection ofseed comprising seed of a hybrid, one of whose parents is Inbred PH79Asaid collection also comprising seed of said inbred; growing plants fromsaid collection of seed; identifying said inbred plants; selecting saidinbred plant; and controlling pollination in a manner which preservesthe homozygosity of said inbred plant.
 12. The process of claim 11wherein said step of identifying said inbred plant comprises:identifyingplants with decreased vigor.
 13. The process of claim 11 wherein saidstep of identifying said inbred plant comprises:identifying seeds orplants with homozygous genotype.